• Mac OS X下python环境下安装MySQL-python, 使用是报错

  >>> import MySQLdb
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 19, in <module>
      import _mysql
  ImportError: dlopen(/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib
    Referenced from: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so
    Reason: image not found
  

• stackoverflow上可以找到解决方式 Python mysqldb: Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib

• 基本思路就是

  • _mysql.so如何找libmysqlclient.18.dylib

    % otool -L /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so
    /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so:
        libmysqlclient.18.dylib (compatibility version 18.0.0, current version 18.0.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 169.3.0)
    

  • libmysqlclient.18.dylib没有路径信息, 修复

    % sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so
    

  • 修复后, 查看:

    % otool -L /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so                                                                                           
    /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so:
        /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib (compatibility version 18.0.0, current version 18.0.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 169.3.0)
    

使用brew安装的mysql, 而且是5.7版本, dylib的位置是:

/usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib

修复的方式是(dylib换成自己环境的位置):

sudo install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/_mysql.so /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib

如果用虚拟环境, 每个环境都需要类似的执行一次, 有点麻烦, 暂时我想到的解决方式是使用脚本(fix-mysql-python.sh), shell代码如下:

PACKAGES_PATH=`python -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print(get_python_lib())"`
echo $PACKAGES_PATH
install_name_tool -change libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.20.dylib $PACKAGES_PATH/_mysql.so
echo "fix MySQL-python finish"