一、实义动词: 实义动词又叫行为动词,分成及物动词和不及物动词 。
1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词,才能表达完整的意思。可分为如下两类。
1) 及物动词+宾语 例如:
I love my home. 我爱我家。 He bought an English dictionary. 他买了一本英语词典。
2) 及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语例:She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。
My mother gave me a new pen.
母亲给了我一支新钢笔。
提示:常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有:give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。
2、不及物动词不需要跟宾语,
⑴本身意义完整,无须跟宾语。
例:She came last week. 她上周来的。
It is raining hard. 正下着大雨。
Class began at half past seven. 7点半开始上课。
What happened yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事?
⑵不及物动词+介词+宾语
He arrived at shool a minute ago.
The dog is running after a cat.
3、同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如:She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。)
She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。)