head.h
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <string>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
class Node {
//节点类,收集所有的不同的被需要的元素,例如估计s->n最小代价g,n-1->n估计最小代价h,深度
public:
vector<int> state;
int gn;
int hn;
int depth;
int total;
int blank;
vector<int> parent;
Node(vector<int> a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f, vector<int> g)
{
this->state = a;
this->gn = b;
this->hn = c;
this->depth = d;
this->total = e;
this->blank = f;
this->parent = g;
}
};
vector<Node> merge(vector<Node> a, vector<Node> b)
//结合归并排序,把两个容器混合成一个
{
vector<Node> c;
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
while ((i < a.size()) && (j < b.size()))
{
Node look = a.at(i);
Node there = b.at(j);
if (look.total > there.total)
{
c.push_back(there);
++j;
}
else
{
c.push_back(look);
++i;
}
}
while (i < a.size())
{
Node look = a.at(i);
c.push_back(look);
++i;
}
while (j < b.size())
{
Node there = b.at(j);
c.push_back(there);
++j;
}
return c;
}
vector<Node> mergesort(vector<Node> arr)
//归并排序
{
if (arr.size() == 1)
{
return arr;
}
vector<Node> l1;
int left = arr.size() / 2;
for (int i = 0; i < left; ++i)
{
l1.push_back(arr.at(i));
}
vector<Node> r1;
for (int i = left; i < arr.size(); ++i)
{
r1.push_back(arr.at(i));
}
l1 = mergesort(l1);
r1 = mergesort(r1);
return merge(l1, r1);
}
void orderSort(queue<Node> &input)
//调用上面的归并排序
{
vector<Node> holder;
while (input.size() > 0)
{
holder.push_back(input.front());
input.pop();
}
holder = mergesort(holder);
for (int i = 0; i < holder.size(); ++i)
{
input.push(holder.at(i));
}
}
int manDist(vector<int> a, vector<int> &b)
//计算曼哈顿距离
{
int goal[3][3] = { { 1, 2, 3 },{ 4, 5, 6 },{ 7, 8, 0 } };
int comp[3][3] = { { a.at(0), a.at(1), a.at(2) },{ a.at(3), a.at(4), a.at(5) },{ a.at(6), a.at(7), a.at(8) } };
int totaldiff = 0;
int deltx = 0;
int delty = 0;
int look = 0;
for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k)
{
for (int l = 0; l < 3; ++l)
{
look = comp[k][l];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 3; ++j)
{
if (goal[i][j] == look)
{
deltx = abs(k - i);
delty = abs(l - j);
totaldiff = (totaldiff + (deltx + delty));
}
}
}
}
}
return totaldiff;
}
int missPlaced(vector<int> a, vector<int> &b)
//错位距离
{
int diff = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < a.size(); ++i)
{
if (a.at(i) != b.at(i))
{
++diff;
}
}
return diff;
}
void move(Node expand, queue<Node> &a, vector<int> &b, int &heurType)
//扩展所有节点
{
int expandgn = expand.gn;
int expandhn = expand.hn;
int expandDepth = expand.depth;
int expandTotal = expand.total;
int expandBlank = expand.blank;
int check = expand.blank;
vector<int> modify = expand.state;
vector<int> use = modify;
Node right = Node(use, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, modify);
bool right1 = false;
Node left = Node(use, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, modify);
bool left1 = false;
Node up = Node(use, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, modify);
bool up1 = false;
Node down = Node(use, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, modify);
bool down1 = false;
//输出拓展情况
/*cout << "拓展节点: " << endl;
for(int i=0; i < modify.size(); ++i) //
{
if((i == 3) || (i == 6))
{
cout << endl;
}
cout << modify.at(i) << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << " g(n) = " << expandgn << " h(n) = " << expandhn << endl;*/
int temp = 0;
int missHeur = 0;
int manHeur = 0;
expandgn = expandgn + 1;
if (check + 1 <= 8)
//检查能否向右边移动
{
if ((check != 2) && (check != 5))
//不在边上
{
temp = use.at(check);
use.at(check) = use.at(check + 1);
use.at(check + 1) = temp;
if (use != expand.parent) //检查确定不是父节点(重复的状态)
{
right1 = true;
if (heurType == 1) //等代价搜索(只有深度代价h,没有节点之间代价g)
{
right = Node(use, expandgn, 0, (expandDepth + 1), expandgn, (expandBlank + 1), modify);
}
else if (heurType == 2) //错位距离
{
missHeur = missPlaced(use, b);
right = Node(use, expandgn, missHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + missHeur), (expandBlank + 1), modify);
}
else //曼哈顿距离
{
manHeur = manDist(use, b);
right = Node(use, expandgn, manHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + manHeur), (expandBlank + 1), modify);
}
}
}
}
use = modify;
if (check - 1 >= 0) //可以左移
{
if ((check != 3) && (check != 6)) //不在边上
{
temp = use.at(check);
use.at(check) = use.at(check - 1);
use.at(check - 1) = temp;
if (use != expand.parent)
{
left1 = true;
if (heurType == 1) //等代价搜索(只有深度代价h,没有节点之间代价g)
{
left = Node(use, expandgn, 0, (expandDepth + 1), expandgn, (expandBlank - 1), modify);
}
else if (heurType == 2) //错位距离
{
missHeur = missPlaced(use, b);
left = Node(use, expandgn, missHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + missHeur), (expandBlank - 1), modify);
}
else //曼哈顿距离
{
manHeur = manDist(use, b);
left = Node(use, expandgn, manHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + manHeur), (expandBlank - 1), modify);
}
}
}
}
use = modify;
if (check + 3 <= 8) //可以上移
{
temp = use.at(check);
use.at(check) = use.at(check + 3);
use.at(check + 3) = temp;
if (use != expand.parent) //没有重复
{
up1 = true;
if (heurType == 1) //等代价搜索(只有深度代价h,没有节点之间代价g)
{
up = Node(use, expandgn, 0, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + 1), (expandBlank + 3), modify);
}
else if (heurType == 2) //错位距离
{
missHeur = missPlaced(use, b);
up = Node(use, expandgn, missHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + missHeur), (expandBlank + 3), modify);
}
else //曼哈顿距离
{
manHeur = manDist(use, b);
up = Node(use, expandgn, manHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + manHeur), (expandBlank + 3), modify);
}
}
}
use = modify;
if (check - 3 >= 0) //可以向下移
{
temp = use.at(check);
use.at(check) = use.at(check - 3);
use.at(check - 3) = temp;
if (use != expand.parent) //没有重复
{
down1 = true;
if (heurType == 1) //等代价搜索(只有深度代价h,没有节点之间代价g)
{
down = Node(use, expandgn, 0, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + 1), (expandBlank - 3), modify);
}
else if (heurType == 2) //错位距离
{
missHeur = missPlaced(use, b);
down = Node(use, expandgn, missHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + missHeur), (expandBlank - 3), modify);
}
else //曼哈顿距离
{
manHeur = manDist(use, b);
down = Node(use, expandgn, manHeur, (expandDepth + 1), (expandgn + manHeur), (expandBlank - 3), modify);
}
}
}
if (right1) //只添加已经生成的节点
{
a.push(right);
}
if (left1)
{
a.push(left);
}
if (up1)
{
a.push(up);
}
if (down1)
{
a.push(down);
}
if (heurType != 1) //因为启发式搜索成本会变化,所以不对等代价搜索排序
{
orderSort(a);
}
}
void mySearch(vector<int> &start, vector<int> &finish, int &blank, int &score)
{
queue<Node> work; //所有节点的队列OPEN
vector<int> par;
work.push(Node(start, 0, 0, 0, 0, blank, par)); //创建初始节点
Node temp = work.front();
bool done = false;
bool success = false;
int added = 0;
int maxSize = work.size();
while (!done) //没有找到
{
if (work.size() > maxSize) //最大队列长度
{
maxSize = work.size();
}
if (work.size() > 0) //队列长度大于0
{
temp = work.front();
work.pop();
if (temp.state == finish)//目标状态
{
done = true;
success = true;
}
else
{
move(temp, work, finish, score); //拓展当前节点
++added; //看看我们已经探索的节点数
}
}
else
{
done = true;
success = false;
}
}
if (success) //目标找到
{
cout << "发现目标" << endl;
cout << "求结这个问题算法探索了 " << added << " 个节点。" << endl;
cout << "队列中节点数峰值为" << maxSize << "。" << endl;
cout << "目标节点的深度是" << temp.depth << "" << endl;
}
}
main.cpp
#include "head.h"
#include <time.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void getInput(vector<int> &store) //接收用户输入
{
char input;
int keep;
bool invalid = false;
vector<int> temp;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
{
cin >> input;
if ((input < '0') || (input > '8') && (input != ' ')) //异常值检查
{
invalid = true;
}
else
{
if (input != ' ') //临时存储图
{
keep = input - '0';
temp.push_back(keep);
}
}
}
if (invalid) //异常值报错并循环请求
{
cout << "输入了无效字符,请重新输入当前行";
temp.clear(); //清空本次输入
getInput(temp);
}
for (int i = 0; i < temp.size(); ++i) //真正存储当前图
{
store.push_back(temp.at(i));
}
}
int main()
{
cout << "示例:" << endl << "4 1 3 " << endl << "7 5 0 " << endl << "8 2 6" << endl;
cout << "1. **Uniform cost search:**" << endl;
cout << "* _Goal_ = found" << endl;
cout << "* _Nodes expanded_ = 395*"<<endl;
cout<< "_Max number of nodes in queue_ = 312" << endl;
cout << "2. **A* with misplaced heuristic : **" << endl;
cout << "* _Goal_ = found" << endl;
cout << "* _Nodes expanded_ = 26" << endl;
cout << "* _Max number of nodes in queue_ = 24" << endl;
cout << "3. **A* with manhattan distance : **" << endl;
cout << "* _Goal_ = found" << endl;
cout << "* _Nodes expanded_ = 22" << endl;
cout << "* _Max number of nodes in queue_ = 21" << endl << endl;
vector<int> init;
cout << "请输入你的初始状态,用0表示空的格" << endl;
bool okay = false;
int counter = 0;
while (!okay) //获取用户输入
{
counter = 0;
cout << "输入第一行:";
getInput(init);
cout << "第二行:";
getInput(init);
cout << "三:";
getInput(init);
for (int i = 0; i < init.size(); ++i) //查看空格数量
{
if (init.at(i) == 0)
{
counter++;
}
}
if (counter == 0)
{
cout << "你没输入空格,请重新输入" << endl;
init.clear();
}
else if (counter == 1)
{
okay = true;
}
else
{
cout << "你输入不只一个空格,请重新输入" << endl;
init.clear();
}
}
cout << endl << "你输入的图是 " << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < init.size(); ++i) //输出初始图
{
if ((i == 3) || (i == 6))
{
cout << endl;
}
cout << init.at(i) << " ";
}
cout << endl;
vector<int> goal; //目标状态
for (int i = 1; i < init.size(); ++i)
{
goal.push_back(i);
}
goal.push_back(0);
int blankLoc = 0; //找出空白位置
for (int i = 0; i < init.size(); ++i)
{
if (init.at(i) == 0)
{
blankLoc = i;
}
}
cout << "你的空格在: " << blankLoc << endl << endl;
okay = false;
int choice = 0;
while (!okay)
{
cout << "请选择你想用哪一个算法 " << endl;
cout << "1. 宽度优先搜索" << endl;
cout << "2. 用错位误差的A*" << endl;
cout << "3. 用曼哈顿距离的A*" << endl;
cout << "你选的是:";
cin >> choice;
if ((choice >= 1) && (choice <= 3))
{
okay = true;
}
else
{
cout << "选择无效" << endl;
}
}
cout << endl;
//计算运行时间
clock_t start, finish;
double totaltime;
start = clock();
if (choice == 1)
{
mySearch(init, goal, blankLoc, choice);
}
else if (choice == 2)
{
mySearch(init, goal, blankLoc, choice);
}
else
{
mySearch(init, goal, blankLoc, choice);
}
finish = clock();
totaltime = (double)(finish - start) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
cout << "此程序的运行时间为" << totaltime << "秒!" << endl;
char hh;
cin>>hh;
return 0;
}