🔗Paraphrase/💡Language Point:

1. 诺奖得主、桂冠诗人 - Nobel Laureates 

2. 持续的头疼、下雨 - Persistent headache or rain

3. 暴露在阳光下和患皮肤癌有着直接的关联。- There is a direct correlation between exposure to sun and skin cancer. 

4. 反之亦然 - vice versa

5. empirical evidence/knowledge/research - 实践经验的证明、知识、研究

6. 保持独立思考 - retain independent thinking

7. 采掘工业，提炼业 - extractive industry

8. 我终于设法摆脱了袭击我的乌云。 - I finally managed to break free from the clouds attacking me. 

9. 一个富裕家庭/小康生活、小康社会、小康大道- a well-off family/life/society/avenue 

better-off; best-off

10. provide new insights into sth. 为...提供了新想法

得出答案 - arrive at/reach the answer  （虎哥说颇有到达彼岸的意思哈哈哈）

11. extractive institutions VS inclusive institutions   榨取性制度vs内生性制度

12. a tale of two cities  双城记

13. 翻译练习：

The correlation between the institutions in a society and its prosperity does not necessarily mean that the former is the cause of the other. Rich countries differ from poor ones in many ways - not just in institutions - therefore probably there could be other reasons for their prosperity and their patterns of institutions. 

📰Background Information/Words of Wisdom (WOW!)

1. 贫富之根 - 制度决定论

2. 引出接下来的institutions → prosperity/poverty 的实证性问题