linux安装Openvpn详解
软件版本
Centos - 7.x
easy-rsa - 3.0.3
OpenVPN - 2.4.6
安装
建议安装启用epel源，采用yum的方式安装openvpn。
yum install -y epel-release
yum update -y
yum install -y openssl lzo pamopenssl-devel lzo-devel pam-devel
yum install -y easy-rsa
yum install -y openvpn
使用路由还是桥接？
建议使用路由，除非你有一些需要桥接的特定场景，例如:
VPN需要能够处理非ip协议，如IPX
通过VPN运行应用程序，该VPN依赖于网络广播(如局域网游戏)
希望允许跨VPN浏览Windows文件共享，而无需设置Samba或WINS服务器
确定私有子网
Server 与 Client 的VPN通道子网，不要与已有环境的网络冲突即可。
默认：10.8.0.0/16
配置证书密钥
我们通过yum方式安装的easy-rsa 版本是3.x，直接从安装路径copy一份工具出来。这里用默认的 easy-rsa 3.x 来配置生成证书密钥。
cp -rf /usr/share/easy-rsa/3.0.3/etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa
cd /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa
./easyrsa init-pki
./easyrsa build-ca nopass
./easyrsa build-server-full server nopass
./easyrsa build-client-full client1 nopass
./easyrsa build-client-full client2 nopass
./easyrsa gen-dh
openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key
bash
补充：easy-rsa 2.x 执行方式（下载地址）
. ./vars
./clean-all
./build-ca
./build-key-server server
./build-key client1
./build-key client2
./build-dh
openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key
配置 Server 端
创建使用的目录
# 日志存放目录
mkdir -p /var/log/openvpn/
# 用户管理目录
mkdir -p /etc/openvpn/server/user
# 配置权限
chown openvpn:openvpn /var/log/openvpn
bash
创建Server配置文件
编辑/etc/openvpn/server/server.conf文件，并写入以下内容：
#################################################
# This file is for the server side #
# of a many-clients <->one-server #
# OpenVPN configuration. #
# #
# Comments are preceded with '#' or';' #
#################################################
port 1194
proto tcp-server
## Enable the management interface
# management-client-auth
# management localhost 7505/etc/openvpn/user/management-file
dev tun # TUN/TAP virtual network device
user openvpn
group openvpn
ca /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/ca.crt
cert/etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/issued/server.crt
key /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/private/server.key
dh /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/dh.pem
tls-auth/etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/ta.key 0
## Using System user auth.
# plugin/usr/lib64/openvpn/plugins/openvpn-plugin-auth-pam.so login
## Using Script Plugins
auth-user-pass-verify/etc/openvpn/server/user/checkpsw.sh via-env
script-security 3
# client-cert-not-required # Deprecated option
verify-client-cert
username-as-common-name
## Connecting clients to be able to reacheach other over the VPN.
client-to-client
## Allow multiple clients with the samecommon name to concurrently connect.
duplicate-cn
# client-config-dir /etc/openvpn/server/ccd
# ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
push "dhcp-option DNS114.114.114.114"
push "dhcp-option DNS 1.1.1.1"
push "route 10.93.0.0255.255.255.0"
# comp-lzo - DEPRECATED This option will beremoved in a future OpenVPN release. Use the newer --compress instead.
compress lzo
# cipher AES-256-CBC
ncp-ciphers"AES-256-GCM:AES-128-GCM"
## In UDP client mode or point-to-pointmode, send server/peer an exit notification if tunnel is restarted or OpenVPNprocess is exited.
# explicit-exit-notify 1
keepalive 10 120
persist-key
persist-tun
verb 3
log /var/log/openvpn/server.log
log-append /var/log/openvpn/server.log
status /var/log/openvpn/status.log
bash
注意！！！ 这里创建完配置文件后，需要做个配置文件的软连接，因为当前版本的openvpn systemd 启动文件中读取的是.service.conf配置。
cd /etc/openvpn/server/
ln -sf server.conf .service.conf
创建用户密码文件
格式是用户 密码以空格分割即可
tee /etc/openvpn/server/user/psw-file<< EOF
mytest mytestpass
EOF
chmod 600 /etc/openvpn/server/user/psw-file
chown openvpn:openvpn/etc/openvpn/server/user/psw-file
创建密码检查脚本
#!/bin/sh
###########################################################
# checkpsw.sh (C) 2004 Mathias Sundman
#
# This script will authenticate OpenVPNusers against
# a plain text file. The passfile shouldsimply contain
# one row per user with the username firstfollowed by
# one or more space(s) or tab(s) and thenthe password.
PASSFILE="/etc/openvpn/server/user/psw-file"
LOG_FILE="/var/log/openvpn/password.log"
TIME_STAMP=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %T"`
###########################################################
if [ ! -r "${PASSFILE}" ]; then
echo "${TIME_STAMP}: Could not open password file\"${PASSFILE}\" for reading." >> ${LOG_FILE}
exit 1
fi
CORRECT_PASSWORD=`awk'!/^;/&&!/^#/&&$1=="'${username}'"{print $2;exit}'${PASSFILE}`
if [ "${CORRECT_PASSWORD}" ="" ]; then
echo "${TIME_STAMP}: User does not exist:username=\"${username}\", password=
\"${password}\"." >>${LOG_FILE}
exit 1
fi
if [ "${password}" ="${CORRECT_PASSWORD}" ]; then
echo "${TIME_STAMP}: Successful authentication:username=\"${username}\"." >> ${LOG_FILE}
exit 0
fi
echo "${TIME_STAMP}: Incorrectpassword: username=\"${username}\", password=
\"${password}\"." >>${LOG_FILE}
exit 1
bash
防火墙配置
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-masquerade
firewall-cmd --permanent--add-service=openvpn
# 或者添加自定义端口
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1194/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --direct--passthrough ipv4 -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
firewall-cmd --reload
bash
启动服务
# 查看service名
rpm -ql openvpn |grep service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/openvpn-client@.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/openvpn-server@.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/openvpn@.service
# 启动
systemctl startopenvpn-server@.service.service
bash
配置客户端
从server上将生成的ca.crt、client1.crt、client1.key、ta.key文件下载到客户端，客户端配置内容C:\Program
Files\OpenVPN\config\client.ovpn如下：
#
client
proto tcp-client
dev tun
auth-user-pass
remote yourserver.domain 1194
ca ca.crt
cert client1.crt
key client1.key
tls-auth ta.key 1
remote-cert-tls server
auth-nocache
persist-tun
persist-key
compress lzo
verb 4
mute 10
