Hive有三种复杂数据类型ARRAY、MAP 和 STRUCT。ARRAY和MAP与Java中的Array和Map类似，而STRUCT与C语言中的Struct类似，它封装了一个命名字段集合，复杂数据类型允许任意层次的嵌套。
创建数据表
create table test(
name string,
friends array<string>,
children map<string, int>,
address struct<street:string, city:string>
)
row format delimited fields terminated by ','
collection items terminated by '_'
map keys terminated by ':'
lines terminated by '\n';
查看数据结构
hive (default)> desc test;
OK
col_name data_type comment
name string
friends array<string>
children map<string,int>
address struct<street:string,city:string>
Time taken: 0.053 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)
测试数据
liming,zhangsan_lisi,xiao ming:12_xiaoxiao ming:3,haidian_beijing
wangwu,zhaoliu_sunba_qianer,xiao wang:18_xiaoxiao wang:9,chao yang_beijing
加载测试数据
hive (default)> load data local inpath '/opt/module/data/people.txt' into table test;
Loading data to table default.test
Table default.test stats: [numFiles=1, numRows=0, totalSize=141, rawDataSize=0]
OK
Time taken: 0.354 seconds
查看数据内容
hive (default)> select *from test;
OK
test.name test.friends test.children test.address
liming ["zhangsan","lisi"] {"xiao ming":12,"xiaoxiao ming":3} {"street":"haidian","city":"beijing"}
wangwu ["zhaoliu","sunba","qianer"] {"xiao wang":18,"xiaoxiao wang":9} {"street":"chao yang","city":"beijing"}
Time taken: 0.069 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)
Mysql 查看hive表结构
mysql root@localhost:(none)> use hive;
You are now connected to database "hive" as user "root"
Time: 0.001s
mysql root@localhost:hive> select *from `TBLS`;
+--------+-------------+-------+------------------+-------+-----------+-------+------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| TBL_ID | CREATE_TIME | DB_ID | LAST_ACCESS_TIME | OWNER | RETENTION | SD_ID | TBL_NAME | TBL_TYPE | VIEW_EXPANDED_TEXT | VIEW_ORIGINAL_TEXT |
+--------+-------------+-------+------------------+-------+-----------+-------+------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+
| 1 | 1566392699 | 6 | 0 | root | 0 | 1 | docs | MANAGED_TABLE | <null> | <null> |
| 2 | 1566392821 | 6 | 0 | root | 0 | 2 | word_count | MANAGED_TABLE | <null> | <null> |
+--------+-------------+-------+------------------+-------+-----------+-------+------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+
2 rows in set
Time: 0.012s
查看表的字段
mysql root@localhost:hive> select *from `COLUMNS_V2`
+-------+---------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
| CD_ID | COMMENT | COLUMN_NAME | TYPE_NAME | INTEGER_IDX |
+-------+---------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
| 1 | <null> | line | string | 0 |
| 2 | <null> | count | bigint | 1 |
| 2 | <null> | word | string | 0 |
+-------+---------+-------------+-----------+-------------+
3 rows in set
Time: 0.012s
加载数据到hive中
LOAD DATA LOCAL（本地文件需要添加LOCAL） INPATH '文件路径' OVERWRITE INTO TABLE 表名称;
