redis自2.8.0之后版本提供Keyspace Notifications功能，允许客户订阅Pub / Sub频道，以便以某种方式接收影响Redis数据集的事件。
事件类型
对于每个修改数据库的操作，键空间通知都会发送两种不同类型的事件消息：keyspace 和 keyevent。以 keyspace 为前缀的频道被称为键空间通知（key-space notification）， 而以 keyevent 为前缀的频道则被称为键事件通知（key-event notification）。例如，针对数据库0中名为mykey的键的DEL操作将触发如下两个消息的发送:
PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:mykey del
PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del mykey
开启事件通知
为了节约cup资源，事件通知默认是没有开启的 notify-keyspace-events ""
相关默认配置:
############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################
# Redis can notify Pub/Sub clients about events happening in the key space.
# This feature is documented at http://redis.io/topics/notifications
#
# For instance if keyspace events notification is enabled, and a client
# performs a DEL operation on key "foo" stored in the Database 0, two
# messages will be published via Pub/Sub:
#
# PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:foo del
# PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del foo
#
# It is possible to select the events that Redis will notify among a set
# of classes. Every class is identified by a single character:
#
# K Keyspace events, published with __keyspace@<db>__ prefix.
# E Keyevent events, published with __keyevent@<db>__ prefix.
# g Generic commands (non-type specific) like DEL, EXPIRE, RENAME, ...
# $ String commands
# l List commands
# s Set commands
# h Hash commands
# z Sorted set commands
# x Expired events (events generated every time a key expires)
# e Evicted events (events generated when a key is evicted for maxmemory)
# A Alias for g$lshzxe, so that the "AKE" string means all the events.
#
# The "notify-keyspace-events" takes as argument a string that is composed
# of zero or multiple characters. The empty string means that notifications
# are disabled.
#
# Example: to enable list and generic events, from the point of view of the
# event name, use:
#
# notify-keyspace-events Elg
#
# Example 2: to get the stream of the expired keys subscribing to channel
# name __keyevent@0__:expired use:
#
# notify-keyspace-events Ex
#
# By default all notifications are disabled because most users don't need
# this feature and the feature has some overhead. Note that if you don't
# specify at least one of K or E, no events will be delivered.
notify-keyspace-events ""
配置详解:
| 字符 | 发送通知 |
|---|---|
| K | 键空间通知，所有通知以 keyspace@ 为前缀，针对Key |
| E | 键事件通知，所有通知以 keyevent@ 为前缀，针对event |
| g | DEL 、 EXPIRE 、 RENAME 等类型无关的通用命令的通知 |
| $ | 字符串命令的通知 |
| l | 列表命令的通知 |
| s | 集合命令的通知 |
| h | 哈希命令的通知 |
| z | 有序集合命令的通知 |
| x | 过期事件：每当有过期键被删除时发送 |
| e | 驱逐(evict)事件：每当有键因为 maxmemory 政策而被删除时发送 |
| A | 参数 g$lshzxe 的别名，相当于是All |
修改:
将notify-keyspace-events ""改为notify-keyspace-events "Ex"
Python代码示例
以下代码用python实现监听过期事件
import redis
r = redis.StrictRedis()
pub = r.pubsub() # Return a Publish/Subscribe object.
pub.subscribe('__keyevent@0__:expired')
for msg in pub.listen():
print(msg['type'])
print(msg['channel'])
print(msg['data'])
