在同一目录准备下面3个文件

start-nginx.sh

#!/bin/bash
mkdir data
docker stop nginx_file_server
docker rm nginx_file_server

docker run -d -p 8081:8080\
        --name nginx_file_server \
        -v $(pwd)/data:/data \
        -v $(pwd)/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
        -v $(pwd)/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf \
        nginx:stable-alpine

nginx.conf

user  root;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

default.conf

server {
    listen 8080; #端口
    server_name localhost; #服务名

    # for SSL listen port only
    #ssl_certificate                /etc/nginx/conf.d/server.pem;
    #ssl_certificate_key            /etc/nginx/conf.d/server-key.pem;
    #ssl_protocols                  TLSv1.2;
    #ssl_prefer_server_ciphers      on;
    #ssl_session_timeout            5m;
    #ssl_ciphers                    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
    #underscores_in_headers         on;

    charset utf-8; # 避免中文乱码
    root /data; #显示的根索引目录，注意这里要改成你自己的，目录要存在
    location / {
        autoindex on;             #开启索引功能
        autoindex_exact_size off; # 关闭计算文件确切大小（单位bytes），只显示大概大小（单位kb、mb、gb）
        autoindex_localtime on;   # 显示本机时间而非 GMT 时间
    }
}

执行sh start-nginx.sh

测试一下：

echo file_server > data/file1.txt

打开浏览器 http://127.0.0.1:8081/

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