Lipid droplets associated proteins
plin3 plin4 ldah acsl3 mettl7a
Perilipin 2 and 3 (plin), acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (acsl3), lipid droplet associated hydrolase (ldah) and methyltransferase like 7A (mettl7a) are recruited to LD during maturation.
Lipid droplets dynamics
seipin faf2 cidec
Fas associated factor family member 2 (faf2) and seipin are Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins which form budding LDs. Cell death Inducing DFFA like effector c (cidec) is involved in LD fusion and growth as well as apoptosis.
Fatty acid oxidation
cpt1a cpt1b
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1a (cpt1a) and b (cpt1b) transform lipids to allow degradation through b-oxidation by mitochondria
Lipogenesis
acaca fasn fabp11a dgat2 gpat4
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (acca) catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, which is then synthetized into long chains FA by the fatty acid synthase (fasn). Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 4 (gpat4) relocalizes from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to forming LDs and catalyzes the first step of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. Diglyceride acyltransferase 2 (dgat2) is responsible for the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to TAG. Fatty acid binding protein 11a (fabp11a) is involved in lipid transport, storage and breakdown.
Adipogenesis
pparα pparγ
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a (pparα) and g (pparγ) are transcription factors controlling lipid metabolism in various tissues.
Lipolysis
mgl hsl lpl
Adipose triglyceride lipase (atgl), hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl), and monoacylglycerol lipase (mgl) are lipases which breakdown triglycerides stored in LDs. Lipoprotein lipase (lpl) hydrolyzes triglycerides and clears circulating lipids in the blood.
