1 在pom文件中添加依赖
<!--spring-test依赖-->org.springframeworkspring-test${spring.version}<!--junit依赖-->junitjunit4.12test
2 编写待测程序Max.java
publicclassMax{privateinta;privateintb;publicMax(inta,intb){this.a = a;this.b = b; }publicintgetMax(){returna > b ? a : b; }}
3 配置Max的bean
4 创建单元测试代码
在Max类的声明的后面按“Alt+Enter”,选择“Create Test”,或者在类的代码体右键单击,选择Generate->Test,在如图所以界面勾选JUnit4,并勾选待测方法getMax(),点击OK
Max类
完成后, 在Test包下,会自动创建一个MaxTest类,具体代码
importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;importorg.junit.Test;importorg.junit.runner.RunWith;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;importorg.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;importorg.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;importstaticorg.junit.Assert.assertEquals;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/applicationContext.xml"})publicclassMaxTest{privatestaticLogger log = Logger.getLogger(MaxTest.class.getClass());@AutowiredprivateMax max;@TestpublicvoidgetMax(){ log.debug("test by mqxu"); assertEquals(5, max.getMax()); }}
头部两个注解表示指定运行环境和指定配置文件路径,使用了@Autowired自动注入配置文件中的bean,使用assertEquals断言,判断期望值和实际值是否相等,并使用Logger记录日志。
运行结果:
运行结果
5 综合练习
定义User类,封装account和password属性,提供getter/setter,重载构造方法,重写toString()方法
定义UserLogin类,封装User属性,提供getter/setter,并定义public boolean userLogin(User user);方法,判定某个用户能否登陆成功,指定账号为“admin”,密码为“111”
写配置文件,通过构造器注入创建一个User对象并传值,通过setter注入创建UserLogin对象并传值
写单元测试,测试某用户能否登陆成功
User类
packagecom.spring.ioc;publicclassUser{privateString account;privateString password;publicUser(){ }publicUser(String account, String password){this.account = account;this.password = password; }publicStringgetAccount(){returnaccount; }publicvoidsetAccount(String account){this.account = account; }publicStringgetPassword(){returnpassword; }publicvoidsetPassword(String password){this.password = password; }@OverridepublicStringtoString(){return"User{"+"account='"+ account +'\''+", password='"+ password +'\''+'}'; }}
UserLogin类
packagecom.spring.ioc;publicclassUserLogin{privateUser user;publicUserLogin(){ }publicUserLogin(User user){this.user = user; }publicUsergetUser(){returnuser; }publicvoidsetUser(User user){this.user = user; }publicbooleanuserLogin(User user){if("admin".equals(user.getAccount()) &&"123".equals(user.getPassword())) {returntrue; }else{returnfalse; } }}
配置文件
<!--配置一个User的bean--><!--配置一个UserLogin的bean-->
单元测试类
packagecom.spring.ioc;importorg.junit.Test;importorg.junit.runner.RunWith;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;importorg.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;importorg.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;importstaticorg.junit.Assert.*;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"/applicationContext.xml"})publicclassUserLoginTest{@AutowiredprivateUser user;@AutowiredprivateUserLogin userLogin;@TestpublicvoiduserLogin(){ assertEquals(true, userLogin.userLogin(user)); }}
运行结果
运行结果