第二三次核心课程
2015年6年第一套 Passage One
(绿皮讲义+星火试卷)
细节题分类：
从：单层细节题(事实型细节题)，在文章中， 定位在关键词所在句
变成：双层细节题(评论型细节题)位置靠后
在文章中， 通常定位在关键词所在句子后面的一句或者两句；
如果没有关键词，关注首尾句或总结或带感情色彩词汇；
如果是最后一道题，要关注尾段。
show/imply/aim/think/opinion
56. What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen？
57. What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?
58. What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?
59. What does the author say about the second Australian study?
60. What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?
56、人们对高因子的防晒霜普遍期望是什么？
57、在自然杂志上，关于高倍数(50)防晒霜的研究是怎么说的呢?
58、我们从2011年澳大利亚对1621人的研究中学到了什么?
59、关于第二个澳大利亚的研究，作者是怎么说的?
60、作者建议如何降低黑色素瘤的发病率?
56.What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?
A) It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.
B) It will protect them from sunburn.
C) It will keep their skin smooth and fair.
D) It will work for people of any skin color.
56、人们对高因子防晒霜的普遍期望是什么?
A)它会延缓皮肤癌的发生。
B)它能保护他们不被晒伤。v
C)它会使皮肤保持光滑和均匀。
D)它适用于任何肤色的人。
If you think a high-factor sunscreen keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong. Research in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas (黑瘤 ) and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent them. Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers.
如果你认为高倍数的防晒霜能让你远离有害射线，那你就错了。本周自然杂志的研究表明，虽然因子50减少了黑色素瘤的数量，并推迟了它们的发生，但它并不能阻止它们的发生。黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的皮肤癌。
prevent...from...
stop...from...
keep adj. from...
57. What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?
A) It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.
B) It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.
C) It is ineffective with long-term exposure.
D) It is ineffective for people with fair skin.
57、在自然杂志上，关于高因子防晒霜的研究是怎么说的呢?
A)在预防黑色素瘤方面是无效的。
B)在强烈的阳光下它是无效的。
C)对长期暴露是无效的。
D)对皮肤白皙的人来说是无效的。
in case of 防备
58. What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?
A) Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.
B) High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.
C) Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.
D) Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.
58、我们从2011年澳大利亚对1621人的研究中学到了什么?
A)应与其他保护措施一起应用防晒霜。
B)高危人群从涂防晒霜的应用中获益最多。
C)不规律的涂抹防晒霜对女性的伤害大于好处。
D)每天涂抹防晒霜有助于减少黑色素瘤的发生。
A 2011 Australian study of 1621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed. A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats, long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection.
2011年澳大利亚的一项对1621人的研究发现，每天随机选择涂抹防晒霜的人的黑色素瘤的发病率是当需要时才涂抹人的一半。另一项研究，将1167人与黑色素瘤患者进行比较，发现没有患癌症的1101人，他们发现，经常使用防晒霜和其他保护措施，如帽子、长袖或留在阴凉处，都能提供一些保护。
alongside 与...一起
59. What does the author say about the second Australian study?
A) It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.
B) It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.
C) It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.
D) It confirms the results of the first Australian study.
59。关于第二个澳大利亚的研究，作者是怎么说的?
A)它误导人们依赖防晒霜来保护自己。
B)它帮助人们选择最有效的防晒霜。
C)它不是基于对被试者的直接观察。
D)证实了澳大利亚第一项研究的结果。
subject 被试
A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats, long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection. This study said other forms of sun protection — not sunscreen— seemed most beneficial. The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it' s not entirely reliable. But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.
另一项研究，将1167人与黑色素瘤患者进行比较，发现没有患癌症的1101人，他们发现，经常使用防晒霜和其他保护措施，如帽子、长袖或留在阴凉处，都能提供一些保护。这项研究还提到了其他形式的防晒产品，而不是防晒霜——似乎最有益。这项研究依赖于人们回忆他们在过去十年中所做的事情，所以这并不完全可靠。但是，认为防晒霜给人们带来了一种虚假的安全感，这似乎是合理的。
60. What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?
A) Using both covering up and sunscreen.
B) Staying in the shade whenever possible.
C) Using covering up instead of sunscreen.
D) Applying the right amount of sunscreen.
60、作者建议如何降低黑色素瘤的发病率?
A)使用遮盖物和遮光剂。
B)尽可能地呆在阴影里。
C)使用遮盖而不是涂防晒霜。
D)涂抹适量的防晒霜。
The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign. So if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on(抹上) sunscreen and slap on a hat.
好消息是，涂抹防晒霜和涂抹防晒霜可以减少黑色素瘤的发病率，就像澳大利亚人从他们的“滑坡”运动中所看到的那样。所以，如果今年夏天出现了热浪，我们最好还是穿上衬衫，涂上防晒霜，戴上一顶帽子。
ray
delay
smooth
random
alongside 与...一起
intense adj.强烈的
in case of
occurence
incidence n. 发生率
好句：
Many people also don't use sunscreen properly — applying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long.
许多人也不正确地使用防晒霜——用量不足，在几小时后不能再涂抹，而且在阳光下待的时间太长。
properly adv.正确的
sufficient adj.足够地
failing to 不能够
This picture vividly describes that the person uses a computer in the whole day even when he falls asleep at night.
这张照片生动地描述了一个人即使在晚上睡觉的时候也在使用电脑。
This picture vividly describes the impact of computers on people——working in the office with computer, staying at home with computer, playing games with computer, and even dreaming about computer.
这张图片生动地描述了电脑对人们的影响——在办公室里工作用电脑，和电脑一起玩游戏，甚至还梦想着电脑。
vividly adv.生动地
2015.6 四级(第一套)
Passage Two
61. What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?
A) Younger people are replacing the elderly.
B) Well-educated people tend to work longer.
C) Unemployment rates are rising year after year.
D) People with no college degree do not easily find work.
61、发达国家的劳动力正在发生什么变化?
A)年轻人正在取代老年人。
B)受过良好教育的人往往工作时间更长。v
C)失业率每年都在上升。
D)没有大学学位的人不容易找到工作。
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate ...
在发达国家，受过良好教育的人比不熟练的人工作时间更长。在62-74岁的美国男性中，有65%的人拥有专业学位，而只有高中毕业证书的男性只有32%。
62. What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?
A) Longer life expectancies.
B) A rapid technological advance.
C) Profound changes in the workforce.
D) A growing number of the well-educated.
62、是什么加深了富人和穷人之间的鸿沟?
A)更长的预期寿命。
B)快速的技术进步。
C)劳动力的深刻变化。
D)越来越多受过良好教育的人。
deepen 后缀-en的构词功能
接在某些形容词后面构成动词，有 "做"、“使”、“成为”、“使...变成”等含义
short shorten 使缩短
rich richen 使富
soft soften 使软化
black blacken 使变黑
weak weaken 变弱
deep deepen 加深
sweet sweeten 使变甜
quick quicken 加快
sharp sharpen 削尖
hard . harden 变硬，硬化
dark darken 使黑、变黑
broad broaden 加宽
well-off 有钱人
badly-off 没钱人
the rich
the poor
Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
快速的技术进步提高了高技能人才的收入，同时也挤压了那些没有技能的人。对个人和社会而言，后果是深远的。
63. What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?
A) Economic growth will slow down.
B) Government budgets will increase.
C) More people will try to pursue higher education.
D) There will be more competition in the job market.
63、从20世纪的经验来看，许多观察人士预测的是什么?
A)经济增长将放缓。
B)政府预算将会增加。
C)更多的人将努力追求更高的教育。
D)就业市场将会有更多的竞争。
in view of 参考，看...
The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (�长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
20世纪的经验，更长寿被转化成更长的退休年龄，而不是更多的工作年限，这让许多观察人士相信，这种转变将导致经济增长放缓，而日益增多的养老金领取者将造成政府预算问题。
longer life expectancy 期望
persuade
64. What is the result of policy changes in European countries?
A) Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.
B) More people have to receive in-service training.
C) Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
D) People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.
64、欧洲政策变化的结果是什么国家?
A)非熟练工人可能会选择提前退休。
B)更多的人必须接受在职培训。
C)即使是富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能在退休后舒适地生活。
D)人们可能会享受到慷慨的固定收益从养老金计划。
Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Rising life expectancy ( 预期寿命) ,combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones. means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement....
政策是负部分责任。许多欧洲国家的政府已经放弃了鼓励人们提前退休的政策。预期寿命的提高，再加上慷慨的固定收益养老金计划被不那么慷慨的养老金固定缴款计划所取代。也就是说，即使是较富裕的人也必须工作更长时间才能拥有舒适的退休生活。
65. What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?
A) Computers will do more complicated work.
B) More will be taken by the educated young.
C) Most jobs to be done will be creative ones.
D) Skills are highly valued regardless of age.
65、21世纪的工作特点是什么?
A)计算机将做更复杂的工作。
B)更多的人将被受过教育的年轻人所接受。
C)要做的大部分工作都是有创造性的。
D)无论年龄如何，技术都是高度重视的。
But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation. Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
但工作性质的变化也扮演着重要的角色。受过高等教育的人的工资急剧上涨，而这些人在老年时仍能获得丰厚的回报，因为如今受过教育的老年人比上一代更有生产力。技术的改变很可能会强化这种转变:从管理技术到创造力，对计算机的补充技能不一定随着年龄的增长而下降。
作业背单词
2015.6 四级(第二套第三套)
