Chapter 1 (2)

1. re‧cline

v. / rɪ'klaɪn ; rɪˋklaɪn /英 / rɪ'klaɪn /

[I] to lie or lean back in a relaxed way formal 躺卧；向后倚靠【正式】

[+ in/on ]

I spent Sunday reclining in a deck chair.

我星期天一整天都躺在帆布折椅里。

2. up‧heav‧al

n. [C,U] / ʌp'hiːvəl ; ʌpˋhivḷ /

a very big change that often causes problems 〔往往会带来问题的〕激变，剧变；动乱

political upheaval

政治剧变

Moving house is a major upheaval.

搬家很折腾。

3. sap‧ling

n. [C] / 'sæplɪŋ ; ˋsæplɪŋ /

a young tree 幼树，树苗

4.proper adj.

[only after noun 仅用于名词后] the real or main part of something, not other parts before, after, or near to it 严格意义上的

The friendly chat which comes before the interview proper is intended to relax the candidate.

正式面试之前的友好闲聊是为了放松候选人的心情。

the city centre proper

市中心

5. screw up your eyes/face

to move the muscles in your face in a way that makes your eyes seem narrow 瞇起眼睛/扭曲面部

He screwed up his eyes against the bright light.

强烈的光线下他瞇起了眼睛。

6. reef

n. [C] / riːf ; rif /

a line of sharp rocks, often made of coral , or a raised area of sand near the surface of the sea 礁；礁脉

7. un‧do

v. [T] / ʌn'duː ; ʌnˋdu /

( past tense undid , past participle undone , third person singular undoes )

unzip 拉开拉链；loosen 松开〔领带〕；unbutton 解开纽扣；untie 解开〔鞋带〕UNDO 解开

to open something that is tied, fastened or wrapped 解开，打开，松开〔某物〕

The screws can be undone by hand.

这些螺丝可以用手拧开。

I undid the package carefully.

我小心地打开包裹。

undo your jacket/shirt/bra etc 解开你的夹克/衬衫/胸罩等

8. side‧long

adj. / 'saɪdlɒŋ ; ˋsaɪd͵lɔŋ /

sidelong look/glance

a way of looking at someone by moving your eyes to the side, especially so that it seems secret, dishonest, or disapproving 斜眼看〔尤表示有秘密、不诚实或不以为然〕

He gave Oliver a sidelong glance .

他斜睨了奥利弗一眼。

9. faint

adj. / feɪnt ; fent /

difficult to see, hear, smell etc 不清楚的，模糊的

She gave a faint smile.

她淡淡一笑。

a very faint noise

很微弱的声响

the faint light of dawn

微弱的晨光

10. ap‧pre‧hen‧sion

n. / ˌæprɪˈhenʃ ə n ; ͵æprɪˋhɛnʃən /

英 / ˌæprɪˈhenʃ ə n /

[C,U] anxiety about the future, especially about dealing with something unpleasant or difficult 〔对未来的〕忧虑，担心

SYN anxiety

a feeling of apprehension

担忧的心情

I woke before the alarm, filled with apprehension.

我忧心忡忡，闹钟没响就醒了。

11. mo‧tif

n. [C] / məʊ'tiːf ; moˋtif /

英 / məʊ'tiːf /

an idea, subject, or image that is regularly repeated and developed in a book, film, work of art etc 〔书、电影、美术作品等的〕主题，主旨，中心思想

The theme of creation is a recurrent motif in Celtic mythology.

天地万物的创造是凯尔特神话中反复出现的主题。

a small picture or pattern used to decorate something plain 〔装饰等的〕基调，基本图案

a white T-shirt with a blue fish motif

印有蓝色鱼图案的白色T恤衫

12. gran‧ite

n. [U] / 'ɡrænɪt 'ɡrænət ; ˋgrænɪt /

英 / 'ɡrænɪt /

a very hard grey rock, often used in building 花岗岩，花岗石

13. haul

v. [T] / hɔːl ; hɔl /

英 / hɔːl /

to pull something heavy with a continuous steady movement 拖，拉

the steam locomotive which hauled the train

拖动火车的蒸汽机车

I hauled the door shut behind me.

我用力拽上了门。

haul sth off/onto/out of etc sth

She hauled her backpack onto her back.

她背上沉重的背包。

THESAURUS PULL 1

haul yourself up/out of etc sth

1) to move somewhere with a lot of effort, especially because you are injured or tired 吃力地挪向/走出〔某处〕等

Patrick hauled himself painfully up the stairs.

帕特里克拖着沉重的步伐痛苦地走上楼梯。

14. ef‧flo‧res‧cence

n. [U] / ‚eflə'resəns ; ͵ɛfləˋrɛsṇs / literary

英 / ‚eflə'resəns /

the action of something forming and developing, or the period of time when this happens 发展(期)，全盛(期) 【文】

There was an efflorescence of scientific publication in the period 1645–1660.

1645年至1660年，科学出版呈现一片繁荣景象。

15. ledge

n. [C] / ledʒ ; lɛdʒ /

a narrow flat piece of rock that sticks out on the side of a mountain or cliff 岩架

We crept carefully along the narrow ledge.

我们小心翼翼地沿着狭窄的岩架爬行。

He leapt onto a ledge of rock.

他跳到一个岩架上。

16. spe‧cious

adj. / 'spiːʃəs ; ˋspiʃəs / formal

seeming to be true or correct, but actually false 似是而非的，貌似正确的【正式】

SYN misleading

a specious argument

貌似有理的论据

17. loom

v. [I] / luːm ; lum /

英 / luːm /

[always + adv/prep] to appear as a large unclear shape, especially in a threatening way 〔尤指阴森森地〕隐约出现，赫然耸现

[+ up/out/ahead etc ]

Suddenly a mountain loomed up in front of them.

一座大山赫然耸立在他们面前。

18. grind‧ing

adj. [only before noun 仅用于名词前] / 'ɡraɪndɪŋ ; ˋgraɪndɪŋ /

英 / 'ɡraɪndɪŋ /

very difficult and unpleasant, and never seeming to improve 困难的；无改进的

a country devastated by civil war and grinding poverty

一个被内战和极度贫困压垮的国家

a grinding noise is the continuous unpleasant noise of machinery parts rubbing together 〔机器部件的摩擦声〕持续而刺耳的

19. loll

v. / lɒl ; lɑl /

[I always + adv/prep] to sit or lie in a very lazy and relaxed way 懒洋洋地坐[躺]

SYN lounge

[+ around/about/beside etc ]

He lolled back in his chair.

他懒洋洋地靠椅背坐着。

20. mi‧rage

n. [C] / 'mɪrɑːʒ ; məˋrɑʒ /

英 / 'mɪrɑːʒ /

an effect caused by hot air in a desert, which makes you think that you can see objects when they are not actually there 〔沙漠里的〕海市蜃楼

a dream, hope, or wish that cannot come true 幻想；妄想

SYN illusion

Perhaps we are just chasing a mirage.

也许我们只是在追逐一个梦。

21. dim

v.( past tense and past participle dimmed , present participle dimming )

[I,T] if a light dims, or if you dim it, it becomes less bright （使）变暗淡，（使）变昏暗

The lights in the theatre began to dim.

剧院里的灯光开始暗下来。

22. ef‧ful‧gent

adj. / ɪ'fʌldʒənt ; ɪˋfuldʒənt / literary

英 / ɪ'fʌldʒənt /

beautiful and bright 漂亮的；光辉的，灿烂的【文】

23. en‧mi‧ty

n. [C,U] / 'enmɪti 'enməti ; ˋɛnmətɪ / formal

英 / 'enmɪti /

( plural enmities )

a feeling of hatred towards someone 仇恨；怨恨【正式】

24. ill-omened

/'il'əumend/

ADJ doomed to be unlucky; ill-fated 不吉利的; 走厄运的

25. dec‧o‧rous

adj. / 'dekərəs ; ˋdɛkərəs / formal

英 / 'dekərəs /

having the correct appearance or behaviour for a particular occasion 〔外表或行为〕端庄的，得体的【正式】

26. conch

n. [C] / kɒntʃ, kɒŋk ; kɑntʃ /

the large twisted shell of a tropical sea animal that looks like a snail 海螺壳

27. lump

n. [C] S2 / lʌmp ; lʌmp /

英 / lʌmp /

a small piece of something solid, without a particular shape 〔不定形的〕块

Strain the custard to remove lumps.

滤去牛奶蛋糊里的面块。

28. in‧ter‧pose

v. [T] / ‚ɪntə'pəʊz ; ͵ɪntɚˋpoz / formal 【正式】

英 / ‚ɪntə'pəʊz /

to put yourself or something else between two other things 使介入〔两者之间〕；使插入

She interposed herself between the general and his wife.

她挡在将军和他妻子之间。

29. ful‧crum

n. [C] / 'fʊlkrəm, 'fʌl- ; ˋfʌlkrəm /

英 / 'fʊlkrəm, 'fʌl- /

( plural fulcrums fulcra / -krə ; -krə / )

the point on which a lever (= bar ) turns, balances, or is supported in turning or lifting something 〔杠杆的〕支点

30. bab‧ble

v. / ˈbæb ə l ; ˋbæbḷ /

英 / ˈbæb ə l /

[I,T] to speak quickly in a way that is difficult to understand or sounds silly 含糊不清地说；唠唠叨叨

I have no idea what he was babbling on about.

我不知道他在唠叨些什么。

31. em‧bossed

adj. / ɪm'bɒst ; ɪmˋbɑst /

having a surface that is decorated with a raised pattern 有凸起图案的

embossed stationery

有凸起图案的文具

32. stroke

v. [T] to move your hand gently over something 轻抚，抚摸

33. beam

v.[I] to smile very happily 开怀大笑，眉开眼笑

Sherman looked at his sons and beamed proudly.

谢尔曼看着儿子们，自豪地笑着。

34. jut

v. ( also 又作 jut out ) / dʒʌt ; dʒʌt /

英 / dʒʌt /

( past tense and past participle jutted , present participle jutting )

[I always + adv/prep] something that juts out sticks out further than the other things around it 突出，伸出

Tall jagged rocks jutted out over the beach.

高耸嶙峋的岩石突兀于海滩之上。

35. purse

v. [T]

if you purse your lips, you bring them together tightly into a small circle, especially to show disapproval or doubt 噘起〔嘴唇，尤用于表示反对或怀疑〕

Mrs Biddell pursed her lips and shook her head.

比德尔太太噘起嘴，摇了摇头。

36. squirt

v. / skwɜːt ; skwɝt /

英 / skwɜːt /

spray 喷洒；squirt 喷射SQUIRT 喷射

[I,T] if you squirt liquid or if it squirts somewhere, it is forced out in a thin fast stream 使喷出；射出；喷射

→ spray

[+ out/from/into ]

Water suddenly squirted out from a hole in the pipe.

突然有水从管子上的一个孔里喷射出来。

37. cloud

n.IN THE AIR 在空中

[C] a mass of dust, smoke etc in the air, or a large number of insects flying together 〔一团灰尘、烟雾或大批飞行的昆虫等的〕云状物

cloud of dust/smoke/gas etc

A cloud of steam rose into the air.

一团水蒸气升到空中。

clouds of mosquitoes buzzing around us

成群成群围着我们嗡嗡叫的蚊子

38. squeal

v. / skwiːl ; skwil /

英 / skwiːl /

[I,T] to make a long loud high sound or cry 发出长而尖锐的声音[叫声]；用长而尖的声音说

→ scream

They drove off, tyres squealing.

他们开车走了，轮胎发出吱的一声。

‘Let me go!’ she squealed.

“让我走！”她尖声叫道。

39. stri‧dent

adj. / 'straɪd ə nt ; ˋstraɪdṇt /

英 / 'straɪd ə nt /

forceful and determined, especially in a way that is offensive or annoying 强烈的；坚定的；咄咄逼人的

strident criticism

猛烈的抨击

a strident sound or voice is loud and unpleasant 刺耳的，尖声的

the strident calls of seagulls

海鸥尖厉的叫声

40. blare

v. [I,T] ( also 又作 blare out ) / bleə ; blɛr /

英 / bleə /

to make a very loud unpleasant noise （使）刺耳地大声鸣响

Horns blared in the street outside.

外面街道上汽车喇叭发出刺耳的鸣响。

41. scutter

/'skʌtə/[英国方言]

vi. 疾走，快跑；追赶=scurry ：

You have to scutter,otherwise you won't catch the train.

你得快点跑，不然你就赶不上火车了。