跟踪 Spring MVC 的请求
一路上请求会讲信息带到很多站点，并产生期望的结果
案例环境
- JDK 1.8
- Tomcat 8
- Spring 4.0.0.RELEASE
- IntelliJ IDEA 2017
- Gradle 4.6
- OS: ubuntu18.04
jar 包依赖
group 'com.xxx'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'war'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8
repositories {
mavenLocal()
maven {url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/'}
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-aop', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-aspects', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-beans', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-context', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-context-support', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-core', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-expression', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-instrument', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-instrument-tomcat', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-jdbc', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-jms', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-messaging', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-orm', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-oxm', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-test', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-tx', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-web', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-webmvc', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-webmvc-portlet', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-websocket', version: '4.0.0.RELEASE'
compile group: 'org.aspectj', name: 'aspectjweaver', version: '1.8.7'
compile group: 'javax.el', name: 'javax.el-api', version: '2.2.4'
compile group: 'javax.validation', name: 'validation-api', version: '1.1.0.Final'
compile group: 'org.hibernate', name: 'hibernate-validator', version: '5.2.2.Final'
compile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'javax.servlet-api', version: '3.1.0'
compile group: 'taglibs', name: 'standard', version: '1.1.2'
compile group: 'jstl', name: 'jstl', version: '1.2'
testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
testCompile group: 'org.mockito', name: 'mockito-all', version: '1.10.19'
}
搭建 Spring MVC
- 配置 DispatcherServlet
注意：按照传统方式，想 DispatcherServlet 这样的 Servlet 会配置在 web.xml 文件中。当然，这是配置DispatcherServlet的方法之一。 但是借助于Servlet 3 规范和 Spring 3.1 的功能增强，这种方式已经不是唯一方案。本文案例使用 Java 将 DispatcherServlet 配置在 Servlet 容器中， 而不会在使用 web.xml 文件。
/**
* 配置 DispatcherServlet
* @author aspen
* @date Created in 2018/6/4
*/
public class SpittrWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer{
/**
* 根容器
* @return
*/
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class<?>[]{ RootConfig.class};
}
/**
* springMVC 容器
* @return
*/
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class<?>[]{ WebConfig.class};
}
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
}
- 启用 Spring MVC
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc // 启用 Spring MVC
@ComponentScan("com.aspen.springlearning") // 启用组件扫描
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResoler(){
// 配置 JSP 视图解析器
InternalResourceViewResolver resourceViewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
resourceViewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
resourceViewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
resourceViewResolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
return resourceViewResolver;
}
@Override
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer){
// 配置静态资源的处理
configurer.enable();
}
}
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"com.aspen.springlearning"},
excludeFilters = {
@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, value = EnableWebMvc.class)
}
)
public class RootConfig {
}
- 编写基本的控制器
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = {"/", "/homepage"})
public class HomeController {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = MediaType.TEXT_HTML_VALUE)
public String home(){
return "home";
}
}
- 编写程序主页 home.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Home</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome </h1>
</body>
</html>
至此，一个由 Spring MVC 搭建的 Web应用程序已经完成。下图是代码存储结构，在运行之前，先为控制器编写单元测试，验证一下。
- 编写单元测试
至此，一个由 Spring MVC 搭建的 Web应用程序已经完成。在运行之前，先为控制器编写单元测试，验证一下。
public class HomeControllerTest {
HomeController homeController = null;
@Before
public void setUp(){
homeController = new HomeController();
}
@Test
public void testHomePage() throws Exception {
// 搭建 MockMvc
MockMvc mockMvc = standaloneSetup(homeController).build();
// 1. 对 "/" 执行GET请求"
// 2. 预期得到 home 视图
mockMvc.perform(get("/")).andExpect(view().name("home"));
}
}
-
运行程序
home.jsp
