Day 1 单词作业
Phrases
1. shake up
sth: to cause large changes in sth such as an organization, usually in order to make improvements
New European payments regulation has the potential to shake up the banks. 对...造成冲击
Technology changes have shaken up many industries.
The first thing the new chairman of the company did was to shake up the management.
sb: If an unpleasant experience shakes sb up, it makes them feel shocked and upset
I think she was quite shaken up by the accident.
2. make complaints about
In Britain alone millions of people make formal complaints each year about their banks.
file/ lodge a complaint; deal with/ handle/ investigate a complaint; cause/ grounds for complaint
Do you have any grounds for complaint (= reason to formally complain)?
3. to date
(formal) up to the present time
To date, despite dire warnings, European retail banking has been remarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
This novel is his best work to date.
4. tighten up
to make a rule, system, or law stronger and more difficult to avoid or ignore
Security for payments above $32 will be tightened up, with customers having to provide two pieces of secret information (" strong authentication") to wave through a transaction.
Are there any plans to tighten up on advertising controls?
5. insure against
to do sth in order to prevent sth unpleasant from happening or from affecting you
As they are also required to be insured against losses from fraud.
We thought we'd insure against rain by putting a tent up where people could take shelter.
6. be subject to 遭受着；面临着
to have or experience a particular thing, esp. sth unpleasant
They will not be subject to the same capital and stress-testing requirements banks face.
Cars are subject to a high domestic tax.
In recent years, she has been subject to attacks of depression.
(adj) subject to 取决于...; 视...而定
only able to happen if sth else happens
We plan to go on Wednesday, subject to your approval.
Moving all the books should not take long, subject to there being (= if there are) enough helpers.
(v) subject sb/sth to sth 使服从
(often passive): to make someone or sth experience an unpleasant or worry thing
The inquiry found that they had been subjected to unfair treatment.
At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.
7. water down
to deliberately make an idea or opinion less extreme, usually so that other people will accept it
As implementation approaches, the rules will be watered down.
The party has watered down its ideals in order to appeal to the centre ground.
8. bare one's teeth
But regulators have already bared their teeth.
Now it has had to cut back on the internal focus groups and bare its teeth.
He became nervous when the dog growled and bared its teeth at him (= showed its teeth to him).
bare your heart/ soul to
to tell sb your secret thoughts and feelings
We don't know each other that well. I certainly wouldn't bare my soul to her.
Words
1. overdrawn (adj) 透支
having taken more money out of your bank account than the account contained
Apps could warn account-holders if they spend more than a predetermined amount or are about to become overdrawn.
They were overdrawn by $150, so they couldn't write any cheques.
The account was overdrawn.
overdraw (v) 透支
withdraw (v) 取钱
This credit card allows you to withdraw up to $200 a day from cash dispensers.(自动取款机）
2. nudge (v)
push sth or sb gently
Apps could even nudge them to save more.
The children were giggling and nudging each other.
to move slowly and almost reach a higher point or level
Walmart already has revenues nudging 500bn and is beefing up online.
Oil prices continue to nudge higher.
Peter must be nudging 40 now.
3. dire
very serious or exteme
To date, despite dire warnings, European retail banking has been remarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
These people are in dire need of help.
He gave a dire warning that an earthquake was imminent. (coming or likely to happen very soon)
This decision will have dire consequences for local people.
4. unscathed (adj)
(after verb) without injuries or damage being caused
To date, despite dire warnings, European retail banking has been remarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
Her husband died in the accident but she, amazingly, escaped unscathed.
5. mount (v)
to organize and begin an an activity or event 发起
mount an attack/ campaign/ challenge/ protest
mount a display/ exhibition
Financial-technology companies are beginning to mount a challenge, most conspicuously in the online-payments industry in northern Europe.
to gradually increase, rise, or get bigger
The children's excitement is mounting as Christmas gets nearer.
表示上升的动词：jump; increase; go up; rise; soar; mount
6. conspicuous (adj)
very noticeable or attracting attention, often in a way that is not wanted
He tried not to look conspicuous and moved slowly along the back of the room.
conspicuously (adv)
Financial-technology companies are beginning to mount a challenge, most conspicuously in the online-payments industry in northern Europe.
The temple's grand white arches rose conspicuously over the dirty decaying city.
7. incumbent
(n) the person who has or had a particular official position
One reason incumbents have proved so resilient is that fintech firms lack the customer-transaction information they need to provide many financial services.
The present incumbent (of the post) is due to retire next month.
(adj) officially having the named position
The incumbent president faces problems which began many years before he took office.
be incumbent on/upon sb
(formal) to be necessary for sb
She felt it incumbent upon/on her to raise the subject at their meeting.
8. resilient (adj)
able to quickly return to a previous good condition
One reason incumbents have proved so resilient is that fintech firms lack the customer-transaction information they need to provide many financial services.
She's a resilient girl-- she won't be unhappy for long.
This rubber ball is very resilient and immediately springs back into shape.
9. cumbersome
awkward because of being large, heavy, or not effective
It is often either cumbersome or insecure for customers to share their own information.
cumbersome equipment/ bureaucracy
10. kick-start (v)
to make sth start to happen
The Payments Services Directive 2 aims to kick-start competition while making payments more secure.
Taxes were drastically cut in an attempt to kick-start the economy.
11. explicit (adj)
clear and exact
She was very explicit about what she thought was wrong with the plans.
I wasn't aware that I would be paying-- you certainly didn't make it explicit.
12 consent
(n) permission or agreement
Provided the customer has given explicit consent, banks will be forced to share customer-account information with licensed financial-services providers.
(v) to agree to do sth, or to allow sb to do sth
Very reluctantly, I've consented to lend her my car.
My aunt never married because her father wouldn't consent to her marriage.
13. browse (v)
to look through a book or magazine without reading everything
I was browsing through fashion magazines to find a new hairstyle.
They could become more integrated into the internet-browsing experience- enabling, for example, one-click bank transfers, at least for low-value payments.
* peruse (v)
to read through sth, esp. in order to find the part you are interested in
He opened a newspaper and began to peruse the personal ads.
14. rock bottom (n)
(informal) the lowest possible level
Profitability is already threatened by rock-bottom interest rates.
Prices have reached/ hit rock bottom.
the most unhappy that sb has ever been in their life
Ian had just left me and I was at rock bottom.
15. handy (adj)
useful or convenient
Bank's lockhold on payments serves as a handy source of income.
It's a nice house and it's handy for(= near) the station.
(informal) Don't throw those bottles away-- they'll come in handy (= be useful )for the picnic next Sunday.
( after verb) able to use sth skillfully
John's good at wallpapering but he's not so handy with a paintbrush.
16. manifest (v)
( formal) to show sth clearly, through signs or actions
Perhaps predictably, resistance is manifested as a concern about data protection.
Lack of confidence in the company manifested itself in a fall in the share price
17. robust （adj)
( of an object or system) strong and unlikely to break or fail
Newcomers will have to convince the authorities that their data-protection systems are robust.
a robust economy
( of a person or animal) strong and healthy
He looks robust and healthy enough.
18. insurer 承包人，保险公司
As they are also required to be insured against losses from fraud, they will need to convince insurers, too.
19. undertake
to do or begin to do sth, esp. sth that will take a long time or be difficult
They will not be subject to the same capital and stress-testing requirements banks face: but nor will they be licensed to undertake the riskier business of lending.
to promise
She undertook not to publish the names of the people involved.
20. invoice 发票
a Finnish startup that helps companies track cashflow and invoices.
21. attribute
(n) a quality or characteristic that sb or sth has
Huge customer bases and low funding costs are all attributes entrants want to gain by association.
Organizational ability is an essential attribute for a good manager.
（phrasal verbs) attribute sth to sb
to think that sb or sth has a particular quality or feature
I wouldn't dream of attributing such a lack of judgment to you.
attribute sth to sb/ sth
to say or think that sth is the result or work of sth or sb else
To what do you attribute this delay?
22. exploit (v)
to use sth for advantage
Banks want to exploit newcomers' technology.
We need to make sure that we exploit our resources as fully as possible.
Day 2 逻辑导图+神句翻译
句子翻译
1. New European payments regulation has the potential to shake up the banks.
欧洲新的支付规定很有可能对银行造成冲击。
2. European rules will open the door to a host of innovative services that analyze transactions.
欧洲的规则将会对那些致力于分析交易数据的创新型服务产业敞开大门。
3. Customers need barely ever interact with their bank.
顾客们几乎不需要再和银行打交道了。
4. European retail banking has been remarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
欧洲的零售银行一点也不受由科技主导的金融业影响。
5. Fintech companies are beginning to mount a challenge, most conspicuously in the online-payments industry in northern Europe. But their reach is more limited elsewhere in Europe.
互联网金融公司开始掀起挑战了，最为显著的就是在北欧地区的线上支付产业。但他们的影响力在欧洲其他地区明显有限。
6. Regulators, however, are about to transform the landscape.
然而监管者们即将改变这种格局。
7. Banks' lockhold on payments serves as a handy source of income.
银行对支付信息的保护可其实是他们获得收益的有效手段。
8. Resistance is manifested as a concern about data protection. Such concerns are legitimate but also, argue fintech supporters, offer a convenient excuse for banks to block competition.
这种抵制其实是对数据保护的担忧。正如互联网金融支持者所认为的那样，确实有理由担心，但是同时这也为银行限制公平竞争找了一个完美的借口。
9. Yet for all their complaints, customers still trust banks with their money.
抛开投诉不说，客户们还是相信银行管着他们的钱。
词组翻译
1. become overdrawn透支
2. nudge them to save more敦促他们多攒点钱
3. have easy access to很容易达到；得到
4. kick-start competition掀起竞争
5. give explicit consent明确表示同意
6. one-click bank transfer一键转账
7. low-value payments低值支付
8. tighten up security加强安保
9. guide them toward指引他们前行
10. rich data大数据
11. leave them in a weaker position使他么处在更不利的地位
思维导图
Day 3 总结反思
句子翻译对比
1. New European payments regulation has the potential to shake up the banks.
欧洲新的支付规定很有可能对银行造成冲击。
新出台的欧洲支付法规有可能会给银行业带来巨大冲击。
支付法规比支付规定更正式些。
2. European rules will open the door to a host of innovative services that analyze transactions.
欧洲的规则将会对那些致力于分析交易数据的创新型服务产业敞开大门。
欧洲法规将给交易分析相关的创新服务带来更多机遇。
" open the door"直译成敞开大门有些死板，而且没把机遇这一层意思译出来。
3. Customers need barely ever interact with their bank.
顾客们几乎不需要再和银行打交道了。
客户几乎都不再需要通过银行。
4. European retail banking has been remarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
欧洲的零售银行一点也不受由科技主导的金融业影响。
技术带来的变革对欧洲零售银行业产生的影响微乎其微。
欧洲零售银行业几乎并没有受到技术变革的影响。
“ disruption”变革；颠覆，这一层意思没有翻译出来
5. Fintech companies are beginning to mount a challenge, most conspicuously in the online-payments industry in northern Europe. But their reach is more limited elsewhere in Europe.
互联网金融公司开始掀起挑战了，最为显著的就是在北欧地区的线上支付产业。但他们的影响力在欧洲其他地区明显有限。
互联网金融公司已经开始发起挑战，尤其是在北欧线上支付领域。但对欧洲其他地区的影响则要小得多。
“ most conspicuously” 译成最为显著的是有些啰嗦，尤其是就显得很简洁。
6. Regulators, however, are about to transform the landscape.
然而监管者们即将改变这种格局。
然而，监管部门即将改变这一现状。
“ landscape 翻译成格局也无可厚非，但是没有现状更生动。
7. Banks' lockhold on payments serves as a handy source of income.
银行对支付信息的保护可其实是他们获得收益的有效手段。
牢牢把控支付领域使得银行轻而易举就能赚钱。
翻译的时候整句话的意思能懂，但是译出来感觉略显生涩。
8. Resistance is manifested as a concern about data protection. Such concerns are legitimate but also, argue fintech supporters, offer a convenient excuse for banks to block competition.
这种抵制其实是对数据保护的担忧。正如互联网金融支持者所认为的那样，确实有理由担心，但是同时这也为银行限制公平竞争找了一个完美的借口。
抗拒源自对数据保护的担忧，这是合情合理的。但互联网金融的支持者们认为，这也是银行抵制竞争的绝佳借口。
翻译中出现了错误，因为一个插入语：” argue fintech supporters", 他们不会认为这种抵制是合情合理的。
9. Yet for all their complaints, customers still trust banks with their money.
抛开投诉不说，客户们还是相信银行管着他们的钱。
尽管客户怨声载道，但他们依然更信任把钱放在银行。
for all 尽管，虽然，这一层意思没翻译出来。
词组翻译对比
1. become overdrawn透支
2. nudge them to save more敦促他们多攒点钱；鼓励他们增加储蓄（翻译的太口语化）
3. have easy access to很容易达到；得到；便于（翻译腔严重还麻烦，应该力求简洁）
4. kick-start competition掀起竞争；引发，发起战争
5. give explicit consent明确表示同意；明确同意
6. one-click bank transfer一键转账
7. low-value payments低值支付；小额支付（直译出来的让人一眼看到不知道说的是什么）
8. tighten up security加强安保
9. guide them toward指引他们前行；引导他们（又是直译的问题）
10. rich data大数据；丰富的数据
11. leave them in a weaker position使他么处在更不利的地位
12. robust data-protection system强大的数据保护系统
13. insured against losses from fraud避免受到诈骗带来的损失；投保以防欺诈造成的损失
14. perfect on paper看起来行得通；理论完美
15. team up with与...合作
16. exploit newcomers‘ technology充分利用”新人们“的科技；利用后来者的技术
心得总结
这片文章主要是写传统的零售银行业和新型的互联网金融的支付领域的发展状况。一个是有着丰富的数据的和忠实的客户群体的线下支付产业，一个是有着高新技术，发展势头强劲的线上支付产业。二者在PSD2的影响下，各自采取了不同的应对措施，但二者相互借鉴，互帮互助，共同发展，合作共赢。
第一遍阅读文章的时候没有障碍，可以理解作者的写作意图，以及文章大概的脉络。即使有些单词不是我的积极词汇，但是可以猜测到意思，所以第二篇阅读并开始整理词汇的时候，更加深了理解。其中一些表达看似简单实则真是经典，通过阅读，欣赏，也积累了表达，我相信这也会提高我的写作能力的。
