1、拍照时先传Uri

 /**
     * 创建图片地址uri,用于保存拍照后的照片 Android 10以后使用这种方法
     */
    private Uri createImageUri() {
        String status = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        // 判断是否有SD卡,优先使用SD卡存储,当没有SD卡时使用手机存储
        if (status.equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
            return getActivity().getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, new ContentValues());
        } else {
            return getActivity().getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, new ContentValues());
        }
    }

2、拍完后 将原有Uri写入到沙盒里 最终转成File

 /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider. android 10
     */
    public static File uriToFileApiQ(Uri uri, Context context) {
        File file = null;
        if(uri == null) return file;
        //android10以上转换
        if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE)) {
            file = new File(uri.getPath());
        } else if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT)) {
            //把文件复制到沙盒目录
            ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
            String displayName = System.currentTimeMillis()+ Math.round((Math.random() + 1) * 1000)
                    +"."+ MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getExtensionFromMimeType(contentResolver.getType(uri));

//            注释掉的方法可以获取到原文件的文件名，但是比较耗时
//            Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
//            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
//                String displayName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME));}

            try {
                InputStream is = contentResolver.openInputStream(uri);
                File cache = new File(context.getCacheDir().getAbsolutePath(), displayName);
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(cache);
                copyFile(is, fos);
                file = cache;
                fos.close();
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return file;
    }

    public static void copyFile(InputStream is, FileOutputStream fos) {
        try{
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int length;
            while ((length = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                fos.write(buffer, 0, length);
            }
            System.out.println("File successfully copied.");
        } catch(IOException e){
            System.out.println("Handle the exception");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

7.0以下创建路径方法

public static File createTmpFile(Context context) throws IOException{
        File dir = null;
        if(TextUtils.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState(), Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
            dir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);
            if (!dir.exists()) {
                dir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM + "/Camera");
                if (!dir.exists()) {
                    dir = getCacheDirectory(context, true);
                }
            }
        }else{
            dir = getCacheDirectory(context, true);
        }
        return File.createTempFile(JPEG_FILE_PREFIX, JPEG_FILE_SUFFIX, dir);
    }


    private static final String EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION = "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE";

    /**
     * Returns application cache directory. Cache directory will be created on SD card
     * <i>("/Android/data/[app_package_name]/cache")</i> if card is mounted and app has appropriate permission. Else -
     * Android defines cache directory on device's file system.
     *
     * @param context Application context
     * @return Cache {@link File directory}.<br />
     * <b>NOTE:</b> Can be null in some unpredictable cases (if SD card is unmounted and
     * {@link android.content.Context#getCacheDir() Context.getCacheDir()} returns null).
     */
    public static File getCacheDirectory(Context context) {
        return getCacheDirectory(context, true);
    }

    /**
     * Returns application cache directory. Cache directory will be created on SD card
     * <i>("/Android/data/[app_package_name]/cache")</i> (if card is mounted and app has appropriate permission) or
     * on device's file system depending incoming parameters.
     *
     * @param context        Application context
     * @param preferExternal Whether prefer external location for cache
     * @return Cache {@link File directory}.<br />
     * <b>NOTE:</b> Can be null in some unpredictable cases (if SD card is unmounted and
     * {@link android.content.Context#getCacheDir() Context.getCacheDir()} returns null).
     */
    public static File getCacheDirectory(Context context, boolean preferExternal) {
        File appCacheDir = null;
        String externalStorageState;
        try {
            externalStorageState = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) { // (sh)it happens (Issue #660)
            externalStorageState = "";
        } catch (IncompatibleClassChangeError e) { // (sh)it happens too (Issue #989)
            externalStorageState = "";
        }
        if (preferExternal && MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(externalStorageState) && hasExternalStoragePermission(context)) {
            appCacheDir = getExternalCacheDir(context);
        }
        if (appCacheDir == null) {
            appCacheDir = context.getCacheDir();
        }
        if (appCacheDir == null) {
            String cacheDirPath = "/data/data/" + context.getPackageName() + "/cache/";
            appCacheDir = new File(cacheDirPath);
        }
        return appCacheDir;
    }

    /**
     * Returns individual application cache directory (for only image caching from ImageLoader). Cache directory will be
     * created on SD card <i>("/Android/data/[app_package_name]/cache/uil-images")</i> if card is mounted and app has
     * appropriate permission. Else - Android defines cache directory on device's file system.
     *
     * @param context Application context
     * @param cacheDir Cache directory path (e.g.: "AppCacheDir", "AppDir/cache/images")
     * @return Cache {@link File directory}
     */
    public static File getIndividualCacheDirectory(Context context, String cacheDir) {
        File appCacheDir = getCacheDirectory(context);
        File individualCacheDir = new File(appCacheDir, cacheDir);
        if (!individualCacheDir.exists()) {
            if (!individualCacheDir.mkdir()) {
                individualCacheDir = appCacheDir;
            }
        }
        return individualCacheDir;
    }

    private static File getExternalCacheDir(Context context) {
        File dataDir = new File(new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "Android"), "data");
        File appCacheDir = new File(new File(dataDir, context.getPackageName()), "cache");
        if (!appCacheDir.exists()) {
            if (!appCacheDir.mkdirs()) {
                return null;
            }
            try {
                new File(appCacheDir, ".nomedia").createNewFile();
            } catch (IOException e) {
            }
        }
        return appCacheDir;
    }

    private static boolean hasExternalStoragePermission(Context context) {
        int perm = context.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION);
        return perm == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
    }


//图片的Uri

imageUri= Uri.fromFile(mTmpFile);