记得大学校招面试时候 , 被问到网络框架 . 当时就弱鸡的说 , 只会基础的 , 还没开始玩框架 - - 那今天来谈谈当时想说不敢说的框架OkHttp吧
gradle依赖:
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.3.0'
get请求
- 获取Request对象
Request是OKHttp中访问的请求,Builder为辅助类 - 获取Response对象
获取Call对象,调用该对象的execute方法 - 获取RequestBody对象
通过Response对象的body方法获取 - 从ResponseBody中获取服务端返回的数据
服务端返回的书库都在responseBody响应对象中, 通过相应体的不同方法可以获取到不同的对象
- 以上四个步骤对应如下代码 , 自己写的工具类
public class OkHttpUtilForGET {
private static final OkHttpClient client=new OkHttpClient();
/**
* 获取request(请求)对象
*/
private Request getRequestFromUrl(String url){
Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
return request;
}
/**
* 获取Response(响应)对象
*/
private Response getResponseFromUrl(String url) throws IOException {
Request request=getRequestFromUrl(url);
Response response=client.newCall(request).execute();
return response;
}
/**
* 获取ResponseBody对象
*/
private ResponseBody getResponseBodyFromUrl(String url) throws IOException {
Response response=getResponseFromUrl(url);
if (response.isSuccessful()){
//响应成功
return response.body();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 从ResponseBody中获取数据
*/
public String LoadStringFromUrl(String url) throws IOException {
ResponseBody body=getResponseBodyFromUrl(url);
if (body!=null){
return body.string(); //此处可以获取各种数据,如byte[],InputStream等
}else {
return null;
}
}
/**
* 开启异步线程,通过实现回调方法来实现数据的加载
*/
public void loadDataByNewThread(String url, Callback callback){
Request request = getRequestFromUrl(url); //获得request对象
client.newCall(request).enqueue(callback); // 此处需要实现回调方法
}
}
使用该工具类中的LoadStringFromUrl时 , 必须在子线程中:
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
/**
* 使用OkHttpUtilForGet
*/
OkHttpUtilForGet util = new OkHttpUtilForGet();
String msg = util.loadStringFromUrl(url)
}
}).start();
使用异步请求的话 , 需要实现回调方法
OkHttpUtilForGet util=new OkHttpUtilForGet();
util.LoadDataByNewThread(url, new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {
//执行错误的时候
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {
//执行成功的时候
if (response.isSuccessful()) {
ResponseBody body = response.body();
//得到body
//使用handler更新界面,此处位于子线程
}
}
});
POST请求
- 在FormEncodingBuidler对象中放置键值对数据
- 获取RequestBody请求体对象
- 获取Request对象,讲RequestBody放置到Request对象中
- 获取Response对象
- 获取ResponseBody对象
- 从ResponseBody对象中拿到最终的数据
public class OkHttpUtilForPost {
private static final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
/**
* 通过POST网络访问提交键值对--------------------->步骤1
*/
public static String postKeyValuePairs(String url, Map<String, String> map) throws IOException {
RequestBody body = buildRequestBody(map);
return postRequestBody(url, body);
}
/**
* 通过POST发送RequestBody对象//------------------->步骤2
*/
private static String postRequestBody(String url, RequestBody body) throws IOException {
Request request = buildPostRequest(url, body);
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
if (response.isSuccessful()) {
return response.body().string(); //请求成功
}
return null;
}
/**
* 构建Post请求的Request对象//------------------->步骤3
*/
private static Request buildPostRequest(String url, RequestBody body) {
Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder();
builder.url(url).post(body);
return builder.build();
}
/**
* 构建RequestBody对象<此处为键值对>
*/
private static RequestBody buildRequestBody(Map<String, String> map) {
FormEncodingBuilder builder = new FormEncodingBuilder();//-------------->步骤1
if (map != null && map.isEmpty()) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
builder.add(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
return builder.build();
}
/**
* post异步网络请求
*/
private static void postRequestBodyAsync(String url, RequestBody body, Callback callback) {
Request request = buildPostRequest(url, body);
client.newCall(request).enqueue(callback);
}
/**
* post异步网络请求,提交键值对
*/
public static void postKeyValuePairAsync(String url, Map<String,String> map, Callback callback){
RequestBody body=buildRequestBody(map);
postRequestBodyAsync(url,body,callback);
}
}
使用工具类:
/**
* Post同步提交
*/
final Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<>();
map.put("123","123");
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
String result=OkHttpUtilForPost.postKeyValuePairs(url,map);
new Handler().post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//更新UI
}
});
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
/**
* Post异步提交
*/
OkHttpUtilForPost.postKeyValuePairAsync(url, map, new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//UI
}
});
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {
handler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//UI
}
});
}
});
