@Slf4j
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest  //单独使用@SpringBootTest不会启动servlet容器，这是就不能使用@Autowired @Resource注解
public class ArticleRestControllerTest {
    //创建mockMvc这个对象来帮我们模拟请求
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Test
    public void saveArticle() throws Exception {
        //定义发送请求要携带的请求体
        String article = "{\n" +
                "        \"author\": \"Tom\",\n" +
                "        \"age\": 38,\n" +
                "        \"id\": 1,\n" +
                "        \"addr\": \"shenzhen\"\n" +
                "    }";
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.request(HttpMethod.POST, "/rest/article")
                .contentType("application/json").content(article))
                //断言预期：发送请求后服务器给我们的相应状态为200
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
                //断言预期：响应体data.author字段的值为Tom
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.data.author").value("Tom"))
                //断言预期：响应体data.age字段的值为38
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.data.age").value(38))
                .andDo(print())
                .andReturn();
        log.info(result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }
}

2.打桩

@Slf4j
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest  //单独使用@SpringBootTest不会启动servlet容器，这是就不能使用@Autowired @Resource注解
public class ArticleRestControllerTest {
    //创建mockMvc这个对象来帮我们模拟请求
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @MockBean
    private ArticleRestService articleRestService;

    @Test
    public void saveArticle() throws Exception {
        //定义发送请求要携带的请求体
        String article = "{\n" +
                "        \"author\": \"Tom\",\n" +
                "        \"age\": 38,\n" +
                "        \"id\": 1,\n" +
                "        \"addr\": \"shenzhen\"\n" +
                "    }";

        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        Article article1 = objectMapper.readValue(article, Article.class);
        //打桩
        when(articleRestService.saveArticle(article1)).thenReturn("ok");
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.request(HttpMethod.POST, "/rest/article")
                .contentType("application/json").content(article))
                //断言预期：发送请求后服务器给我们的相应状态为200
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
                //断言预期：响应体data.author字段的值为Tom
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.data.author").value("Tom"))
                //断言预期：响应体data.age字段的值为38
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.data.age").value(38))
                .andDo(print())
                .andReturn();
        log.info(result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }
}