2023-11-20

There were twelve of us in all for dinner.我们一共十二人吃饭。注意：5-foot-long中只能用foot，不能用feet。同样的例子还有:5-year-old（五岁大）。这一句的原文主语是“水手”，剩下部分全是对“水手”的描写，可处理为定语、表语、或谓语部分等。由于描写部分过长，参考译文分成了两句，但主语一致，只是指代时进行了表达替换（oarsmen、powerful-looking men），后接其他修饰成分。 水手头上的那特制的马尾斗笠，原是清水江上游苗族姑娘出嫁时的陪嫁品，却成了龙船节水手们必备的一件装饰物。The hats, traditionally dowry gifts for girls from the upper reaches of the Qingshui River, have become an essential feature of the costumes worn by the dragon-boat oarsmen.from the upper reaches of the Qingshui River作girls的后置定语，(be) from表示来自…。“却成了……必备的一件装饰物”理解为“成了…必不可少的特色”，译作become an essential feature of…。 苗族龙船节，与汉族的端午节不同。The Miao Dragon-Boat Festival differs from the Han celebration.differ from同be different from。 除时间不同外，一般不举行竞赛，主要活动是串寨子，走亲访友。They are not celebrated on the same date (the Hans' takes place on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month), and they follow different traditions. While the Hans only hold dragon-boat races during the festival, the Miaos take the opportunity to visit friends and relatives. (the Hans' takes place on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month)为增译成分，详细解释“时间不同”，向读者补充背景知识，输出文化。 While the Hans…, the Miao’s…：while暗含对比意味。又，此句的主语原文未点明，译时必须补充完整：苗族龙船节串寨子、走亲访友，汉族端午节怎样怎样。 龙船出发之前，一位歌师唱首吉祥歌，祝愿船只平安。Before a dragon-boat sets out, somebody sings an auspicious song to the boatmen, wishing them a good voyage. “龙船出发之前…祝愿船只平安。”这一句移到后面，插入一段文字中间。为使译文意思更完整,逻辑性更强,这类变动是常有的。（说明：因公众号排版问题，将该句原文移至此处，具体变动可自行查看纸质书籍。） 清晨,龙船开始在江水中游动，所到之处,亲友们纷纷到岸边“接龙”。Young men set out in boats early in the morning. 此句和下段“龙船过寨，鸣放铁炮传告亲友，岸上以鞭炮声相呼应。亲友们上前……”翻译时在次序上做了重新安排，略去重复部分（也就是所到之处,亲友们纷纷到岸边“接龙”）。将主语dragon boat换成young men,因为鸣放铁炮告亲友者只能是船上的人,而不是船本身。在翻译过程中应随时考虑译文的逻辑性。 龙船过寨，鸣放铁炮传告亲友，岸上以鞭炮声相呼应。亲友们上前，向船上的人各敬两杯米酒，并将礼品——鹅鸭、彩绸挂于龙头。When they approach a village, they fire guns to announce their arrival. The villagers set off firecrackers in response and then go to meet them. The hosts present two cups of rice wine to each oarsman and then tie gifts for their relatives—ducks, geese, and colored silks—onto the heads of the dragons.放铁炮fire guns放鞭炮set off firecrackers作为回应 in response例句There's a lot they can do in response.美国有很多回应方法。“…岸上以鞭炮声相呼应。亲友们上前…”可以按处理为原文断句…, to which the villagers set off firecrackers in response. Then they go to meet…。但这样细读起来缺乏连贯性，原文的场景应为：船在铁炮声中逐渐approach，亲友们在鞭炮声中双向奔赴go to，最后汇合meet。参考译文对句子的安排较为合理。 如系女婿、姑舅等至亲，送上的礼物则是猪羊。The traditional gifts for sons-in-law, uncles, and nephews are pigs or sheep.“女婿、姑舅等至亲”中“女婿”好翻，难的是“姑舅等至亲”。中国亲戚关系较为复杂，但至亲也就是比较亲近的“表X”，此处不用过于纠结，处理为uncles, and nephews即可。 下午四时左右，龙船靠岸休息，水手们将糯米饭团和肉类放置船帮上就餐。不用碗筷，双手捏出的糯米饭团格外清香可口。At 4 p. m. the boats stop alongside the riverbank. The drummers and oarsmen on the boats eat glutinous rice balls and meat with their fingers.