L5-U2-P4-1 Listening : World's Oldest Murder 1 最古老的谋杀1
When the body of the Iceman was discovered, nobody realized that he had been murdered.
冰人的遗体被发现时，无人意识到他曾遭谋杀。
It was first believed that he got lost in a storm and had died in the cold weather.
起初人们认为他在暴风雪中迷路，死于严寒。
However, when the discovery of an arrowhead in his body, it was clear that the Iceman was murdered.
然而，随着其体内箭头的发现，冰人系遭谋杀的事实得以明确。
Analysis showed that the arrow had entered his body and cut through an artery in his chest.
分析表明，箭矢射入他的身体，并切穿了胸腔的动脉。
This would have caused severe bleeding and weakened him.
这导致了严重失血并使他逐渐虚弱。
With the loss of blood, he couldn't have survived for very long after being shot.
随着失血过多，他在中箭后不可能存活很久。
What damage did the arrow do when it entered his body? - It cut through an artery.
(1) When the body of the Iceman was discovered, nobody realized that he had been murdered.
(2) It was first believed that he got lost in a storm and had died in the cold weather.
(3) However, when the discovery of an arrowhead in his body, it was clear that the Iceman was murdered.
(4) Analysis showed that the arrow had entered his body and cut through an artery in his chest.
Further examinations revealed something more about how he may have died.
进一步的检查揭示了更多关于他可能如何死亡的线索。
Using a CT scan, scientists found blood in his brain.
通过CT扫描，科学家在他的大脑中发现了血迹。
This indicated that he was struck on the head before he died.
这表明他在死前头部曾遭受过重击。
Either he was hit on the head or he fell and struck his head on a rock.
他要么是被击中了头部，要么是摔倒时头撞到了岩石上。
This probably happened when he was in a weakened condition after being shot by the arrow.
这很可能发生在他中箭后身体虚弱的状态下。
What did the presents of blood in his brain indicate? -He was struck on the head before he died.
Using a CT scan, scientists found blood in his brain. This indicated that he was struck on the head before he died. Either he was hit on the head or he fell and struck his head on a rock. This probably happened when he was in a weakened condition after being shot by the arrow.
Additional evidence showed that the arrow itself had been pulled out of the body.
额外证据表明，箭杆本身曾被从遗体拔出。
It had been pulled out with force, leaving just the arrowhead inside.
它是被强行拽出的，仅剩箭头留在体内。
Even more interesting was what was left behind, the copper ax.
更耐人寻味的是被遗留在现场的铜斧。
The technology needed to make such a weapon was new at the time.
当时锻造这类武器的技术尚属新兴工艺。
As a result, scientists believe it was a sign of great wealth and position.
因此科学家认为，这象征着巨大的财富和地位。
This suggests that the Iceman may have been an important leader.
这暗示冰人可能是一位重要的领袖。
It also raises the question of why the killer didn't take it with him.
这也引出了疑问：为何凶手没有将它带走？
What didn't the killer take with him after killing the Iceman? -the copper ax
(1) Additional evidence showed that the arrow itself had been pulled out of the body.
(2) It had been pulled out with force, leaving just the arrowhead inside.
(3) Even more interesting was what was left behind, the copper ax.
(4) The technology needed to make such a weapon was new at the time.
Either he was hit on the head or he fell and struck his head on a rock.
The killer left the copper ax behind, even though it was valuable.
It also raises the question of why the killer didn't take it with him.
The copper ax, a symbol of power and wealth, was left near the body.
When the body of the Iceman was discovered, nobody realized that he had been murdered.
Scientists found blood in his brain by using a CT scan.
L5-U2-P4-2 Listening : World's Oldest Murder 2 最古老的谋杀 2
If the Iceman was important, he may have been the leader of his community.
如果冰人地位重要，他可能是其社群的领袖。
One leading theory about his death is that he was assassinated.
关于他的死亡，一个主流理论是他遭到了暗杀。
In ancient times, to take power, you often had to kill the leader.
在古代，为了夺取权力，人们常常不得不杀死首领。
Perhaps the Iceman was the target of an assassination.
也许冰人就是这次暗杀的目标。
The murderer may have followed the Iceman and killed him from behind.
凶手可能跟踪了冰人，并从背后杀死了他。
Then, to protect his identity, he pulled out the arrow and covered the body.
然后，为了保护自己的身份，他拔出了箭并掩盖了尸体。
He left the copper ax behind so that he couldn't be identified.
他留下了铜斧，以免被认出。
According to this theory, the Iceman was killed by a member of his own community.
根据这一理论，冰人是被他所在社群的成员杀害的。
Therefore, the murderer was probably someone he knew.
因此，凶手很可能是一个他认识的人。
According to this theory, why didn't the killer take the ax? -He didn't want to be identifed.
The murderer may have followed the Iceman and killed him from behind.Then, to protect his identity, he pulled out the arrow and covered the body. He left the copper ax behind so that he couldn't be identified.
According to this theory, ...the Iceman was assassinated.
If the Iceman was important,he may have been the leader of his community. One leading theory about his death is that he was assassinated. In ancient times, to take power, you often had to kill the leader. Perhaps the Iceman was the target of an assassination.
Another theory is that the Iceman was killed after a battle with outsiders.
另一种理论认为，冰人是在与外来者战斗后被杀的。
Since his community was located along an important trade route, it may have been attacked.
由于他的部落位于一条重要的贸易路线上，它可能曾遭受袭击。
The Iceman may have been a military leader fighting to defend his village.
冰人可能是一位保卫村庄的军事领袖。
Perhaps he was in a battle with the attackers on the day that he died.
也许在他死去的那天，他正在与袭击者交战。
According to this theory, he was fleeing from the battle and was caught from behind in an isolated area.
根据这一理论，他从战斗中逃离，并在一个偏僻的区域被从背后追上。
According to this theory, who killed the iceman? - an of the outsider attackers
Why might the Iceman's village have been attacked? -his community was located along an important trade route.
However, from an analysis of his stomach, it is unlikely that he was running from anyone.
然而，通过对其胃部的分析，他当时不太可能在逃跑。
There was a half-pound of food in his stomach when he died.
他去世时，胃里还有半磅食物。
Since food only remains in the stomach for about an hour, he must have eaten a large meal shortly before his death.
由于食物在胃中只停留约一小时，他肯定在死前不久饱餐了一顿。
Someone who is in a hurry would never take the time to stop and eat such a large meal.
一个匆忙逃命的人绝不会停下来吃如此丰盛的一餐。
And if he was killed by outsiders, why didn't they take the copper ax?
而如果他真是被外来者所杀，他们为何没有拿走那把铜斧？
So the question remains about what happened on that final day of his life.
因此，关于他生命最后一天究竟发生了什么，这个问题依然悬而未决。
The truth is that nobody will ever know what really happened.
真相是，永远不会有人知道究竟发生了什么。
The Iceman's murder will remain a mystery forever.
冰人的谋杀案将永远成为一个谜。
Why is it unlikely that he was killed by outsiders? -Outsiders probably wouldn't have left the ax.
L5-U2-P4-3 Vocabulary : Interactions 互动
To interfere, to slow something down or make it worse by getting in the way.
干涉，指通过干预来拖慢某事的进程或使其恶化。
Having too many meetings is interfering with our work.
会议过多正在干扰我们的工作。
I told her to leave us alone and not to interfere in our problems.
我告诉她别来打扰我们，不要插手我们的问题。
All that noise is interfering with my ability to think.
She told me not to interfere, so I left the room and let them deal with the problem.
We can't finish the project on time if she continues to interfere by asking too many questions.
To reflect, to think about or consider something, or to throw back image as from a mirror.
反映/反思：指思考或考虑某事，或像镜子一样反射影像。
Before I make a decision, I'd like some time to reflect.
在做决定前，我需要一些时间思考。
When you look into a mirror, your image is reflected back to you.
当你照镜子时，你的影像会被反射回来。
After finishing the project, he looked back and reflected on what might have been done to make it better.
Upon further reflection, I've decided to postpone the project.
When I reflect on something, I look at it again and again in my mind and try to see all sides of it.
To influence, to have an effect on something.
影响：指对某事产生作用。
I think she can help us influence the others.
我认为她能帮我们影响其他人。
I don't think we can influence the final result.
我不认为我们能影响最终结果。
They don't care what we think, so it will be difficult to influence their decision.
他们不在乎我们的想法，因此很难影响他们的决定。
With his powerful support, maybe we can influence their decision to pospone the project.
We can't influence the result, so we don't need to worry about it.
There's nothing we can do to influence the result because they don't care anything except money.
To focus, to bring attention to something and make it clear.
聚焦：指将注意力集中于某事物并使其清晰明确。
If we don't focus on something, we won't get anything done.
如果我们不专注于某事，就会一事无成。
We aren't sure what to focus on, so everyone is confused.
我们不确定该关注什么，所以大家都很困惑。
He focused on too many details and didn't see the overall shape, so the product was a failure.
The problem with that company is that they don't focus enough on improving quality.
It's important to focus, but you have to be careful not to get lost in details.
To exaggerate, to describe something is larger or more important than it really is.
夸大：指将某事物描述得比实际情况更重大或更重要。
It's difficult to believe what he says because he always exaggerates.
很难相信他说的话，因为他总是夸大其词。
She said she could sell anything, but of course that was an exaggeration.
她说自己什么都能卖出去，但这当然是夸张的说法。
They exaggerate the benefits of their product and ignore the problems in quality, so I don't trust them.
In my opinion, it's better to exaggerate your skills a bit in an interview rather than be too modest.
She said she was fluent in English, but she was exaggerating, so it's no surprise that she makes so many mistakes.
I told her to leave us alone and not to interfere in our problems.
They don't care what we think so it will be difficult to influence their decision.
She said she could sell anything, but of course that was an exaggeration.
Upon further reflection I've decided to postpone the project.
We can't influence the result, so we don't need to worry about it.
I'm afraid this terrible news may influence their decision to support us.
When I reflect on something, I look at it again and again in my mind and try to see all sides of it.
The problem with that company is that they don't focus enough on improving quality.
I'm afraid this terrible news may influence their decision.
If things are unclear and confusing,we need to focus on something.
To describe something as larger or more important than it really is ——to exaggerate.
When you look into a mirror, your image is reflected back to you.
We aren't sure what to focus on, so everyone is confused.
Having too many meetings is interfering with our work .
Before making a quick decision,he needs some time to reflect.
It's difficult to believe what he says because he always exaggerates.
It's difficult to believe what he says because he always exaggerates.
All that noise is interfering with my ability to think.
I don't think we can influence the final result.
After finishing the project, he looked back and reflected on what might have been done to make it better.
If we don't focus on something, we won't get anything done.
L5-U2-P4-4 Vocabulary : Features of Information 信息特征
To be persuasive, able to cause people to do something by asking or giving reasons.
有说服力：指能够通过请求或提供理由促使他人行动。
She is good at selling things, because she is very persuasive.
她擅长销售，因为她非常有说服力。
You can be more persuasive if you have facts to support you.
如果你有事实依据，就能更具说服力。
He isn't very persuasive because people don't trust him.
They can't be persuaded to change their minds, so let's not waste time with them.
To be convincing, to provide powerful support for a believe and to overcome doubts.
令人信服：指为某种观点提供有力支持，并消除疑虑。
The evidence that he was murdered was convincing.
证明他被谋杀的证据很有说服力。
I couldn't convince them that I was telling the truth, so they arrested me.
我无法让他们相信我说的是真话，所以他们逮捕了我。
They tried to convince me that he was a liar, but I didn't believe them because they had no evidence.
To be misleading, to lead away from the truth, to give a false idea.
误导性：指背离事实，使人产生错误认知。
Their advertisements are misleading, so be careful not to be fooled.
他们的广告具有误导性，务必小心别上当。
He tried to mislead me into buying it by exaggerating the benefits.
他试图通过夸大好处来误导我购买。
The claims made by that company misled me into buying something that didn't work.
I won't vote for him because what he says is misleading and too good to be true.
To be unique, to be highly unusual or different from others.
独特的：指极为罕见或与众不同。
I like that design, because it's unique and attractive.
我喜欢那个设计，因为它既独特又吸引人。
She has a unique personality that some people don't like.
她个性独特，有些人不喜欢这一点。
They try too hard to be unique, but they should focus more on quality and better service.
Everthing about her is uniqure, so people are curious to know more about her.
To be ordinary, to be just like others, not different from any other.
普通的：指与大多数相似，没有与众不同之处。
Their products are ordinary with nothing except a low price to recommend them.
他们的产品很普通，除了价格低廉外毫无亮点。
The food at that restaurant was expensive, but the taste was ordinary.
那家餐厅的食物价格昂贵，但味道却很一般。
There is nothing ordinary about her, so we should give her a promotion.
To be highly unusual or different from others ——to be unique.
To lead away from the truth, to give a false idea ——to be misleading.
To be just like others, not different from any other ——to be ordinary.
Their products are ordinary with nothing except a low price to recommend them.
I couldn't convince them that I was telling the truth, so they arrested me.
He tried to mislead me into buying it by exaggerating the benefits.
There is nothing ordinary about her, so we should give her a promotion.
The evidence that he was murdered was convincing.
The evidence we used to persuade them was very convincing.
L5-U2-P4-5 Dialogue : Improving Personal Image 提升个人形象
M: Did you see the beautiful sunset tonight? It was gorgeous.
男：你看到今晚美丽的日落了吗？真是壮丽极了。
W: No I didn't, but I'm surprised you even noticed such things.
女：没看到呢，不过我很惊讶你居然会注意这些。
M: Really? Why are you surprised?
男：真的吗？为什么惊讶？
W: You're so focused on your work. I didn't imagine you had room in your mind for nature.
女：你工作那么专注。我没想到你心里还有空间留给自然风光。
M: Really? Well, I just don't show it. I make a point of it to notice such things as often as I can.
男：是吗？其实我只是不表露罢了。我特意尽可能多地留意这些美好事物。
She couldn't imagine ...that he had room in his mind for nature.
W: You know, I think you should try to show that side of yourself more often. It will improve your image.
女：你知道吗，我觉得你应该多展现自己这一面。这会提升你的形象。
M: So you think my image needs improving?
男：所以你觉得我的形象需要提升？
W: Well, it wouldn't hurt to be a little less formal and to smile once in a while. You might also improve the way you dress, maybe with a few more warm colors?
女：嗯，稍微放松些、偶尔微笑一下没什么不好。你也可以改进着装风格，或许多穿些暖色调？
Which side of himself should he show more often? - the side that notices nature
M: I'm afraid I don't know much about fashion design and warm colors.
男：恐怕我对时尚设计和暖色调了解不多。
W: Do you really think the way we dress influences people?
女：你难道真觉得我们的穿着会影响他人看法？
W: You must be kidding. The first impression you give is based on your appearance and clothes. Don't you ever notice the kind of shoes someone is wearing?
女：你肯定在开玩笑。第一印象就取决于外表和衣着。你从没注意过别人穿什么鞋吗？
M: No, I hardly notice.
男：没注意过，我几乎不在意这些。
The first impression you give is based on your appearance and clothes.
She was surprised that he noticed the beautiful sunset.
Don't you ever notice the kind of shoes someone is wearing?
W: Well then, that explains why your shoes are always the same. How old are the shoes you are wearing now?
女：好吧，这就解释了为什么你的鞋总是一个样。你现在穿的这双鞋多久了？
M: These? I don't know, probably a year or so.
男：这双？不清楚，大概一年左右吧。
W: And I bet you've been wearing them almost everyday. They look like it.
女：我猜你几乎每天都穿这双鞋吧？看起来就是这样。
M: That's right. These shoes are comfortable and they weren't expensive. I'll bet yours were expensive.
男：没错。这双鞋很舒服，而且不贵。我敢说你的鞋肯定很贵。
W: Well, they weren't cheap. I think it's important to dress right, to dress for the occasion and make a good impression.
女：嗯，确实不便宜。我觉得穿着得体很重要，要根据场合着装，给人留下好印象。
M: OK, why don't we go shopping together this weekend? You can be my fashion adviser.
男：好吧，这周末我们一起去购物怎么样？你可以当我的时尚顾问。
W: What's in it for me?
女：那我能得到什么好处？
M: If I like your advice, I'll buy you another pair of shoes. How's that?
男：如果我喜欢你的建议，我就再给你买双鞋。怎么样？
W: OK, but they won't be cheap. You understand that, right?
女：行啊，不过可不便宜。你明白的，对吧？
M: Of course, but it'll be worth it if you think my new look will improve my image.
男：当然，但如果你觉得新造型能提升我的形象，那就值了。
W: I guarantee it. With me as an adviser, you can't go wrong.
女：我保证。有我当顾问，绝对错不了。
What does he suggest for the weekend? -He suggests that they go shopping together.
She guarantees that his new look will improve his image.
If I like your advice, I'll buy you another pair of shoes.
Well then, that explains why your shoes are always the same.
With me as an adviser, you can't go wrong.
He hardly notices things such as shoes or clothes styles.
I think it's important to dress right, to dress for the occasion and make a good impression.
You might also improve the way you dress, maybe with a few more warm colors?
