- 认识这个词（基础篇）
词：shift
英英释义：a change in something, for example in someone's ideas or opinions
例句：There has been a marked shift in attitudes towards how to ask questions in the Phenomenal English community.
场景：学英语的方法。
造句：There has been a marked shift in opinion on how English should be learned.
marked:
1 easy to see
noticeable, distinct
a marked difference/improvement
a marked increase in profits
She is quiet and studious, in marked contrast to her sister.
The recent advertising campaign has had a marked effect on sales.
- 体会这个词 （进阶篇）
前面我们学过“shift”作动词表示观点、态度、聚焦点等变化的用法，“shift”做名词也很常见，也可以表示同样的意思。了解它不同词性的用法，可以增强我们表达的多样性。
比如，之前的一个例句是：
最近几年大众对同性恋的态度已经有所改变了。Attitudes to homosexuality have shifted in recent years.
场景：人们对小鲜肉的态度。
造句：Attitudes to Little Fresh meat, slim young male stars with a taste for make-up, have shifted recently.
把这里的“shift'改成名词，就可以改写成：
Recent years have seen a shift in attitudes to homosexuality.
场景：苹果手机。
造句：Recent yearshave seen a shift in attituded to iphone.
注意这个句子中“shift”后面搭配的介词是“in”。除了“a shift in attitude”外，常用的搭配还有：
a shift in public opinion/perspective；a shift in emphasis/mood/tone；a shift in direction/focus/policy/strategy
比如，经济低迷的时候人们的消费观就会变化，可以这么表达：
With the gloomy economy comes a shift in personal financial focus: people are more careful about spending and tend to spend primarily on truly necessary items.（这句话中使用了倒装句式，把 comes 提前了，正常语序应该是：A shift comes in personal financial focus with the gloomy economy。）
《经济学人》一篇关于谷歌商业模式的文章中，有几句话正好同时用到了“shift”作名词和动词的用法：
Alphabet has confronted worrisome transitions before, such as the shift from desktop PCs to mobile. Its ad business is still booming, because it devised a way to deliver ads on small screens. It is possible that Google’s ad model could in future shift to taking a fee for each transaction it facilitates.
这句话的意思是：“Alphabet 已经经历过一些令人担忧的过渡，比如从个人台式电脑到移动设备的转变。它的广告业务还很繁荣，因为它设计了一种方法，可以将广告投到很小的屏幕上。在未来谷歌的广告模式很可能转向对自己促成的每一笔交易都收费。”
大家在阅读中要有“温故而知新”的意识，注意一个词的不同词性，以及各自的使用特点。这样在自己写作的时候，就可以写出更灵活、地道的句子。
confront：
v
[T]
if a problem, difficulty etc confronts you, it appears and needs to be dealt with 〔问题﹑困难等〕使遇到，使面对
The problems confronting the new government were enormous. 新政府面临的难题是巨大的。
be confronted with sth
Customers are confronted with a bewildering amount of choice. 顾客面前有琳琅满目的商品供选择。
- 从认识到会用（作业）
1）复习 “shift”（可点击单词直接跳转）作动词的用法。
2）使用《牛津英语搭配词典》查“shift”，了解它作名词的常用搭配。
change 改变
[搭配]ADJ.
distinct, dramatic, fundamental, major, marked, profound, pronounced, radical, significant, substantial
明显的/ 戏剧性的/ 根本的/ 重大的/ 深远的/ 彻底的转变
discernible
显而易见的变化
slight, subtle
细微的变化；微妙的变化
gradual
逐渐的变化
abrupt, sudden
突然的改变
decisive, irreversible, long-term
决定性的变化；不可逆转的改变；长期的变化
climate, cultural, demographic, ideological, policy, population
气候变化；文化变迁；人口的转移；意识形态的转变；政策变化
3）翻译下面的句子：
中国经济正在经历从劳动密集型向智力密集型的转变。
（参考翻译：China is experiencing a shift from a labor-intensive economy to a knowledge-intensive economy.
The Chinese economy is undergoing a shift from brawn to brain.
场景：苹果手机。
造句：Recent yearshave seen a shift in attituded to iphone.
场景：人们对小鲜肉的态度。
造句：Attitudes to Little Fresh meat, slim young male stars with a taste for make-up, have shifted recently.
场景：学英语的方法。
造句：There has been a marked shift in opinion on how English should be learned.
4）结合自己的生活、学习、工作、兴趣等，想象在什么语境下会用到这个表达。先简要描述这个场景，再造句。
例子：
场景 ：
