Lesson 59

Collecting 收藏

Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

[endif]What in particular does a person gain whenhe or she becomes a serious collector?

People tend toamass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so. Indeed they canhave a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did notknow they owned. Those who never have to move house become indiscriminatecollectors of what can only be described as clutter. They leave unwantedobjects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they mayone day need just those very things. As they grow old, people also accumulatebelongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both ofwhich are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment. Thingsowned for a long time are full associations with the past, perhaps withrelatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their trueworth.

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[endif]Some things arecollected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste. Among these Iwould list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel hasbeen opened, to save buying these two requisites. Collecting small items caneasily become a mania. I know someone who always cuts sketches out fromnewspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money. Asshe is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford suchpurchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-

minded to be able to stop the practice. It is a harmless bait, but it littersup her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paperfall out in every direction.

Collecting as aserous hobby is quite different and has many advantages. It provides relaxationfor leisure hours, as just looking at one's treasures is always a joy. One doesnot have to go outside for amuse-

ment, since the collection is housed at home. Whatever it consists of, stamps,records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures,model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do inconnection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, toverifying facts in reference books. This hobby educates one not only in thechosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to getadvice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find. Soone's circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to ameeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen,for collectors are not confined to any one country. Over the years, one maywell become an authority on one's hobby and will very probably be asked to giveinformal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to largeraudiences. In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject,then from being able to take about it. Collecting, by occupying spare time soconstructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

参考译文

人们喜欢收藏东西，有时并没有意识到自己在这样做。确实，一旦无意之中从自己的收藏品中找到某件有用的东西时，可以给人一种惊喜的感觉。那些从来不必搬家的人们成了一种无所无容的收藏家。他们专门收藏那些只能被称作杂货的东西。他们在抽屉里，碗柜中、阁楼上堆放着一些不用的东西，一放就是好几年，相信总有一天需要的正好是那些东西。人们年老之后也喜欢收藏东西，不过是出于两个不同的原因：一是体力，精力均告不佳，这二者是清除无用的东西必不可少的因素；另一原因是感情因素。东西搁得时间久了，便会充满着与过去岁月的联系，比方说与死去的亲戚有关。因此这些东西慢慢获得了一种超出它本身的价值。

居家度日，有目的地收藏某些东西是为了防止浪费。这些东西中我想举出线绳和包装纸为例。节俭的人们打开包裹后便把这两样必备的东西收藏起来。省得日后去买。收集小玩艺儿很容易着迷。我认识一个人，她总喜欢从报纸上剪下流行服装的图样，等以后有钱时去买服装。由于她并不富裕，她买得起这些服装的可能性十分渺茫。但她又缺乏足够坚强的意志把这一收集活动停下来。这种习惯无害，只把写字台里堆得满满当当，以致每次打开抽屉总能带出许多纸片四处飞扬。

作为一种严肃的业余爱好的收藏活动完全是另外一回事，它具有许多益处。它可以使人在闲暇中得到休息，因为欣赏自己收藏的珍品总会充满了乐趣。人们不必走到户外去寻求娱乐，因为收藏品都是存放在家中。不管收藏品是什么，邮票、唱片、头版书籍、瓷器、玻璃杯、老式家具、绘画、模型汽车、鸟类标本，还是玩具动物，从为新增添的收藏品寻找摆放位置到核对参考书中的事实，总归有事可做。这种爱好不仅能使人从选择的专题中受到教育，而且也能从与之有关的一般事物中获得长进。除此之外，还有其他的益处。收藏者要会见情趣相投的收藏者，以获取教益，交流经验、交换收藏品，炫耀自己的最新收藏。朋友的圈子就这样不断扩大。用不了多久，有这种爱好的人便开始旅行，也许是去另一个城市参加会议，也可能是出国寻找一件珍品，因为收藏家是不分国籍的。一人积了多年经验会成为自己这种爱好的权威，很可能应邀在小型集会上作非正式的讲话。如果讲得好，可能向更多人发表演说。这样，你自信心不断增强，先是因为掌握一门学问，接下来是因为能够就此发表见解。收藏活动通过富有建设性地利用业余时间使人感到心满意足，不再有无聊之日。

【课文讲解】

注意写作风格，与L41和L43课完全不一样。

对比：分析事物之间的差异（通过事物比事物法）

背熟：People tend to amass possessions, sometimeswithout being aware of doing so.

amass possession

tend to: 喜欢，有...... 倾向

unaware of doingso

背熟：Things owned for a long time are fullassociations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so theygradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

possession 财产，所有物belongings

People tend toamass valuable items.

because theygradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.

Eg: I can notestimate the true value of my photographs in terms of money.

Some things arecollected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.

It is a harmlessbait, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opensit, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.

Collecting as amania is a harmless habit

has manyadvantages / harmless habit

Collecting, byoccupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no timefor boredom.

Collecting as aserious hobby

回到第一自然段第2句

have a delightfulsurprise

I am a collectorof what can be described as valuable stamps.

I know a person ofwhat can be described as bookworm.

in the belief that== believe in

in the thoughtthat == think in

Eg: I did so inthe belief that you could help me.

I said so in thethought that I wouldn’t hurt you.

under theimpression that

Eg: I am under theimpression that the diamonds are really beautiful.

very: 加强语气

at exactly thatmoment == at that very moment

belongings

Eg: I failed myexamination for two reasons, lack of hard work, being late for the examination.

sentiment: 情感

sentimental 多愁善感的

deliberately

背熟：Some things are collected deliberately inthe home in an attempt to avoid waste.

in an attempt to

do sth.： 竭尽全力做某事

Eg”He rarely goesshopping in an attempt to save up.

thrifty ==economical

save doing sth. 免掉做某事的麻烦

save the troubleof doing sth.

clothes-->purchase

sufficiently ==

enough 放在所修饰的adj. 前

practice: 个人的习惯做法== mania == habit

every time ==whenever

背熟：Collecting as a serous hobby is quitedifferent and has many advantages. It provides relaxation for leisure hours, asjust looking at one's treasures is always a joy.

collection: 强调收藏品

collecting: 强调的是动作

Collecting stampsis my favourite hobby.

illustratecollecting

as: 就象什么一样

relacation

==entertainment: 休息，娱乐

treasures ==valuable collection

amusement==relaxation

is housed at home

whatever it consistof == whatever it is made up of

consist of == be

made up of 由......组成

comprise,constitute

背熟：there is always something to do in

connection with it，(it 指collection )

From to 从什么到什么

背熟：This hobby educates one not only in thechosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.

not only... butalso ...

have bearing on

sth. 与什么密切相关

relation to, berelated to, have relation to

advantage,privilege, benefit

notes ==collection

find == collection

背熟：So one’s circle of friends grows.

in search of ==for

be confined to: 限定在什么区域范围之内

Eg: He is confinedto the box.

We are confined tothree meals.

over the years ==as time goes on

well 用来加强语气

背熟：In this way self-confidence grows.

Collecting,byoccupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no timefor boredom.

背熟：Collecting, by occupying spare time soconstructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.

注意每一段的段首和段尾，通过对比来表述了两种不同的收藏。

make as if to do

== pretend to do: 装着要做某事的样子

Eg: He made as ifto help me.

make believe: 假装

Eg: He madebelieve that he knew everything about the secret.

make it ：说定了，成功了

Eg: He thought hewould arrive here at 8 o’clock and he made it

make up to : 奉承，献媚kiss sb’s boots, flatter

make a cleanbreast of == confess completely:  完全坦白

Eg: He made aclean breast of what he did to the girl.

【Vocabulary】P266

Choose five of thefollowing words and phrases and give for each another word or phrase of similarmeaning to that in which the word or phrase is used in the passage: amass (l.1);being aware (l.1); move house (l.4); attics (l.6); gradally acquire (l.10);thrifty (l.12); in very direction (l.17)

amass ==accumulate

being aware ==conscious

move house 搬家move from our house to new one

attic: 阁楼a small room directory below the roof of the building

gradually acquire

== get / gain / obtain step by step 渐渐获得

thrifty == frugal==economical ==not wasteful

in everydirections == everywhere

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  What differentiates the indiscriminatecollector from the serious one?

a.  What he collects is only of personal ratherthan communal interest.

b.  He lacks the physical and mentalenergy to go out and about.

c.  His possessions are varied but over the yearsthey gain in value.

d.  He confines his collection to the home andtherefore does not travel.

differentiate: 与......不同，区别是什么

communal: 共同的，普遍的

2.  The author’s friend is typical of theindiscriminate collector in that____.

a.  she keeps newspapers in the hope that one daythey may come in useful

b.  she collects sketches of clothes to saveherself the cost of buying them

c.  she is too narrow-minded to be able to stop asentimental practice

d.  she never gets round to sorting out theclutter she has acumulated

in that == because

get round to do: 抽时间来做某事

3  The serious collector can spend his leisuretime____.

a.  at home,as his collection is sufficiententertainment in itself

b.  at the same time as looking joyfully at histreasures

c.  educating himself and others by verifyingfacts in reference books

d.  occupying himself by constructing a house forhis collection

sufficient ==ample == enough == adequate

Structure

4____belongingspeople accumulate. There are two reasons for this...(ll.7-9)

a.  As they got older more                 b. In getting older there are more

c.  Only when they get older, do more     d. The older they get the more

5____in the homein an attempt to avoid waste.(l.ll)

a.  People deliberately collect     b. People deliberately collect some things

c.  People collect deliberately     d. People collect deliberately some things

deliberately应放在动词之前或宾语之后

6  ----but it litters up her desk____that everytime she opens it...(ll.16-17)

a.  so far   b.  as long as    c. in as much    d.  so much

7  Something to do, from finding the right place____ the latest addition to...(ll.21-22)

a.  where he puts    b. in order to put    c.  for to put   d.  to put

为何不能选a. 没有说明谁放置

不定式to做定语，所强调的内容是将要发生的

Eg: I want to geta pen to write with.

8  ----and then,if____successful,to largeraudiences.(ll.28-29)

a.  they will be    b. one is    c.  it has been   d.  they were

如果表示任意的一个人，采用的最好的主语是one.

Vocabulary

9  Some things are collected____in the home soas to avoid waste.(l.ll)

a.  systematically    b. intentionally    c.  purposefully    d. organizationally

deliberately: 深思熟虑地，精心考虑地

systematically: 有体系地

intentionally: 有意图地，经过考虑地，故意地

intend to do /intention / have intention to do / intentionally

purposely == onpurpose :  有目的地

organizationally: 有组织地

10  Collecting as a serious hobby is____and hasmany advantages.(l.l8)

a.  altogether separate    b. rather unlike    c.  fairly diverse    d. very distinguished

unlike: 强调事物的外在不同

diverse: 截然相反的

distinguished: (人) 杰出的，出色的，著名的

separate adj. 分开的

11  ----the right place for the latest additionto____facts in reference books.(ll.22-23)

a.  insuring   b.  certifying    c. identifying    d. checking

原文用verify

certify / prove /

check (核对)

certify: 证明，保证

identify: 确立，确立身份

12  ----but also in general matters which____.(ll.23-24)

a.  stand up to it    b. relate to it    c.  bear it out   d.  carry it off

have some bearing

on it == have connection with it == be related to it : 与之相关的

stand up to it 经得起考验

bear out: 证明，证实

carry off: 成功完成（应付）

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. A   2. D  3. A   4. D   5. B  6. C   7. C   8. B  9. B   10. A   11. D  12. B

如何用另一种写作方式来组织作文：

论说文（说明文和议论文的结合）：说明一种观点，然后用例证说服他人接受你的观点

论说文常用的风格：

1．阐述性的：针对某一问题下面阐述作者的观点，主要是针对某一事物或观点的必要性、重要性、正确性或优越性，危害性或内在实质进行阐述，只需要表明观点，申述理由即可：We need to broaden our English knowledge.

2．比较性的： 主要是比较两种或两种以上事物各自的优点、缺点，来论证一种比另一种更好，一般来讲写作方式有整体比较（事物比事物）， 逐项比较（事实比事实）: How to solve the problem of heavy

traffic. 主要是在比较advantage / disadvantage

§ Lesson 60 Too early and too late 太早和太晚

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●punctuality n. 准时

●rural adv. 农村的

●disregard v. 不顾，无视

●intellectual n. 知识分子

●abstruse adj. 深奥的

●coordinate v. 协调

●reproach v. 责备

●puncture v. 刺破（轮胎）

●diversion n. 改道，绕道

●trial n. 讨厌的事，人

●fraction n. 很小一点儿

●flourish n. 挥舞（打手劳）

●microscopic adj. 微小的

●adamant adj. 坚定的，不动摇的

◆punctuality n. 准时

punctual: adj. 守时

be punctual to theminute

◆rural adv. 农村的

urban adj. 城市的

◆disregard v. 不顾，无视

disregard sth

disregard ==ignore

pay no attentionto

take no notice of

in disregard of

treat sb. with

disregard: 怠慢某人

◆intellectual n. 知识分子

◆abstruse adj. 深奥的

abstract: 抽象的

Eg: I am not goodat mathematics, because the subject is not only abstract but also abstruce.

◆◆coordinate v. 协调

Eg: Our effortsneed to be further coordinated for higher efficiency.

efficiency: == be

efficient:效率

Eg: If you wnat tocomplete an ideal job with your classmates as quickly as possible, I think ypumust coodniate everything as much as you can.

coordinate work: 协调工作

arrange: 安排

Eg: Who willarrange the party?

How can arrangethe paragraph?

organize: 组织

Eg: It’s your dutyto organize our meeting.

harmonize:

vt.& n. 协调，使调和，配和音

Eg: The music isharmonized.

We have to harmonizeour work.

◆reproach v. 责备

blame / scold /reprehend

Eg: Don’t reproach/ blame him for such a little thing.

blame sb. for sth.

reproach n.

Beyond reproach 无可指责

Beyond doubt:   毫无疑问

Beyond

understanding 无法理解

Beyonddescription  无法描述

Eg: The problem is

beyond / above me. 这个问题难倒了我

◆puncture v. 刺破（轮胎）

◆diversion n. 改道，绕道

◆trial n. 讨厌的事，人

nuisance

trial: 审讯，审判，尝试，实验

Eg: After his

trial, he set out with his new plane. 试飞之后，他开着飞机出发了。

◆fraction n. 很小一点儿

◆flourish n. 挥舞（打手势）

gesticulate v. 打手势

◆microscopic adj. 微小的

microphone: 麦克风

microfilm: 微型胶卷

microwave oven: 微波炉

◆◆◆adamant adj. 坚定的，不动摇的

steady: 稳定的

Eg: He is living asteady life.

strong-minded /firm / stable

obstinate /stubborn

stable: (人)坚定的

Eg: If you areadamant, nothing is difficult for you to study English.

If you areadamant, you never give up easily.

give up == yield==

surrender: 放弃，投降

yielding /surrendering

unyielding /unsurrendering ==adamant

Eg: He is (so)adamant (as) to stick to his stupid idea.

All the studentshere are adamant enough to study English hard.

【Text】

Lesson 60 Too

early and too late 太早和太晚

Listen to the tapethen answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

Why did the younggirl miss the train?

Punctuality is anecessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society. Without it, nothingcould ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be in state of chaos.Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it. Inordinary living, there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality. Theintellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everythingcoordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore forgiven iflate for a dinner party. But people are often reproached for unpunctuality whentheir only fault is cutting things fine. It is hard for energetic, quick-mindedpeople to waste time, so they are often tempted to finish a job before settingout to keep an appointment. If no accidents occur on the way, like puncturedtires, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog, they will be on time. Theyare often more industrious, useful citizens than those who are never late. Theover-punctual can be as much a trial to others as the unpunctual. The guest whoarrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance. Some friends of myfamily had this irritating habit. The only thing to do was ask them to comehalf an hour later than the other guests. Then they arrived just when we wantedthem.

If you are citinga train, it is always better to be comfortably early than even a fraction of aminted too late. Although being early may mean wasting a little time, this willbe less than if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for thenext one; and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when thetrain is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it. An evenharder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still tosee it go off without you. Such an experience befell a certain young girl thefirst time she was traveling alone.

She entered thestation twenty minutes before the train was due, since her parents hadimpressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause thefriends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her. Shegave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket. To her horror he saidthat she was two hours too soon. She felt inhere handbag for the piece of paperon which her father had written down al the details of the journey and gave itto the porter. He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time onthe paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not passengers. Thegirl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not have madesuch a mistake. The porter went to fetch one and arrive back with the stationmaster, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic 'o'beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station; this little 'o'indicated that the train only stopped for mail. Just as that moment the traincame into the station. The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to beallowed to slip into the guard's van. But the station master was adamant: rulescould not be broken and she had to watch that train disappear towards herdestination while she was left behind.

参考译文

准时是文明社会中进行一切社交活动时必须养成的习惯。不准时将一事无成，事事都会陷入混乱不堪的境地。只有在人口稀少的农村，才可以忽视准时的习惯。在日常生活中人们可以容忍一定程度的不准时。一个专心钻研某个复杂问题的知识分子，为了搞好手头的研究，要把一切都协调一致，组织周密。因此，他要是赴宴迟到了会得到谅解。但有些人不准时常常因为掐钟点所致，他们常常受到责备，精力充沛、头脑敏捷的人极不愿意浪费时间，因此他们常想做完一件事后再去赴约。要是路上没有发生如爆胎、改道、突然起雾等意外事故，他们决不会迟到。他们与那些从不迟到的人相比，常常是更勤奋有用的公民。早到的人同迟到的人一样令人讨厌。客人提前半小时到达是令人讨厌的。我家有几个朋友就有这有令人恼火的习惯。唯一的办法就是请他们比别的客人晚来半小时。这样，他们可以恰好在我们要求的时间到达。

如果赶火车，早到总比晚到好，哪怕早到一会儿也好。虽然早到可能意味着浪费一点时间，但这比误了火车等上一个多小时坐下班车浪费的时间要少，而且可以避免那种正好在火车驶出站时赶到车站，因上不去车而感到的沮丧。更难堪的情况是虽然及时赶到站台上，却眼睁睁地看着那趟火车启动，把你抛下。一个小姑娘第一次单独出门就碰到了这种情况。

在火车进站20分钟前她就进了车站。因为她的父母再三跟她说，如果误了这趟车，她的东道主朋友就得接她两趟，这是不应该的。她把行李交给搬运工并给他看了车票。搬运工说她早到了两个小时，她听后大吃一惊。她从钱包里摸出一张纸条，那上面有她父亲对这次旅行详细说明，她把这张纸条交给了搬运工。搬运工说，正如纸条所说，确有一趟火车在那个时刻到站，但它只停站装邮件，不载旅客。姑娘要求看到时刻表，因为她相信父亲不能把这么大的事弄错。搬运工跑回去取时刻表，同时请来了站长。站长拿着时刻表一挥手，指着那趟列车到站时刻旁边一个很小的圆圈标记。这个标记表示列车是为装邮件而停车。正在这时，火车进站了。女孩泪流满面，央求让她不声不响地到押车员车厢里去算了。但站长态度坚决，规章制度不能破坏，姑娘只得眼看那趟火车消逝在她要去的方向而撇下了她。

【课文讲解】

本篇是论说文，是考试当中常见的一种题型

in civilizedsociety == in modern society

necessary ==essential

背熟：Eg:Mania is a habit we develop for a longtime which is harmless.

bring sth. to

conclusion: 做出结论

背熟：Without it, nothing could ever be broughtto a conclusion; everything would be in state of chaos.

平行句式，平行结构，同义词的重复，关键词的使用

Everything wouldbe in confusion / a state of chaos / disorder

Eg: Hard work isour necessity to study English.

Without it, wecould not get any success. / nothing would be complete.

倒装：only引导介词短语，时间/条件状语放在句首，句子要部分倒装。

背熟：In ordinary living, there can be sometolerance of unpunctuality.

in ordinary living== in our dily life

tolerance = thestate to tolerate something terrible.

Nothing can beworse than this.

No forms oftransport could be faster than airplane.

punctual -->unpunctual; punctuality --> unpunctuality

背熟：has everything coordinated and organizedfor the matter in hand.

keep sb. occupied

cut thingsfine  把时间安排得不留余地；掐钟点

do sth. beforedoing

be tempted to do特别想要做某事

be eager / anxious/ desperate to do

prefer to do

would like to do

would rather / soonerdo

would prefer to do

Eg: I can’t resistthe temptation to buy the beautiful dress.

I’m quite /particularly tempted to buy the buautiful dress.

descent: 降临

Eg: Darknessdescented very soon.

on time--> keeppunctuality

Some people can beforgiven because of what they do even though they are unpunctual.

背熟：The over-punctual can be as much a trial toothers as the unpunctual.

nuisance -->trial

背熟：The only thing to do was ask them to comehalf an hour later than the other guests.

Eg: The only thingto do is help you in this way.

My job isteaching. / My job is to teach.

如果当不定式做表语，主句结构当中也出现了不定式，做表语的不定式to符号应该被略掉，以避免重复。

Eg: The only thingto do is help you in this way.

What I want you todo is help me.

Paragraph 2

What does thewriter aim at?

He just wants toillustrate to show that punctuality is quite important.

The over-punctualis as irritating as the unpunctual, but on some occasions, we’d better keepover-punctuality.

comfortably

mean doing sth.

less

draw up: 停车

draw (pull) out of

station: 离站

背熟：you avoid the frustration of arriving atthe very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unableto get on it.

When we getfaulures over and over again, we always get the frustration inside our heart.

the frustrationinside you can prevent you from doing what you are doing

in good time == ontime

befall: sth. badhappen to

Eg: Such a badexperience befall him.

due: 按照计划（安排）而正常进行

Eg: The meeting isdue to begin at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.

The train is dueto set off at 3 pm.

What happened toher? What befell her?

impress upon sb.

that 再三地叮嘱某人repeat sth. over and over again

forgive -->forgivable --> unforgivable

make two journeys

to meet her: 往返两次做什么

to her horror /terror / fear

on which 定语从句

only,往往表示很遗憾的心情

Eg: I hurry to thestore only to find it was closed.

背熟：The girl asked to see a timetable, feelingsure that her father could not have made such a mistake.

feeling surethat...

be brought up todo / have learnt to do

Eg: We have learntto expect that trains are punctual.

We have been broughtup to eat certain foods.

produce it withflourish

just as: 恰恰在这个时刻

背熟：The girl, tears streaming down her face,begged to be allowed to slip into the guard's van.

背熟：she had to watch that train disappear towardsher destination while she was left behind.

disappear towards:朝着什么什么消失

Punctuality is anecassary habit, we’d better keep punctuality, but you know, over-punctualityis irritating as unpunctuality, but on some occasions, we’d better beover-punctual.

【Vocabulary】P270

Choose five of thefollowing words and phrases and give for each another word or phrase of similarmeaning to that in which the word or phrase is used in the passage: a state ofchaos (l.3); sparsely-populated (l.3); disregard (l.4); reproached (l.8);setting out (l.10); diversions (l.11); destination (l.33).

a state of chaos== confusion / disorder

sparsely-populated:人口稀疏的

overpopulated /

overpeopled:人口众多的

sparsely == fewpeopled = with not many people

disregard == takeno notice of == pay no attention == ignore

reproached == blamedseverely == reprehended

setting out: 出发== setting off == starting

set out / start /

set off / make / leave / head for: 出发去往某处

diversion: 绕道== taking another road to avoid having traffice jam

industrious: 勤劳的== diligent

destination 目的地== terminal

【Multiple choice questions】

Comprehension

1  The only people who can afford to neglect theexercise of punctuality are _____ .

a. ordinarycitizens who have nothing to do with publicity

b. people who livein remote places where there are few people

c. intellectualswho have to deal with unexpected problems

d. people who areforced to work overtime in order to finish a job.

neglect ==disregard == ignore

sparselypopulated, few people

Only in asparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard punctuality.

2  People who cut things fine are usually _____.

a. delayed byaccidents on the roads

b. energetic,quick-minded people

c. no moreirritating than the over-punctual

d. reproached forbeing late for appointments

cut things fine /cutted fine / cut time fine

3  The girl was very upset when the train cameinto the station because _____ .

a. her parentswould not forgive her for missing it

b. she had twohours to wait before the next train arrived

c. she was goingto have to make a second journey to reach her destination

d. the stationmaster insisted that passengers were not allowed on to it

Structure

4  Without it, it would be impossible _____ to aconclusion. (l.2)

a. to have everbrought anything    b. ever to bringanything

c. to bringnothing ever              d. nothing tobe brought ever

it is / will be/would be possible for sb. to do sth.

5  The time you _____ waste through being earlywill be less than ... (l.17)

a. must    b. might   c. should    d. can

through: 通过

Eg: Although beingearly may mean wasting a little time

6  If you are catching a train, you _____comfortably early than ... (ll.16-17)

a. are betterbeing    b. would be better    c. had better be    d. will be better to be

had better, 上级对下级或有经验的人对没有经验的人

7  ---- the frustration of arriving _____ thetrain is drawing out ... (ll.18-19)

a. just as    b. immediately that    c. in a while    d. as soon as

8  And she had to watch that train disappeartowards her destination _____ . (l.33)

a. and left herbehind    b. and leave behind her    c. leaving her behind    d. while it left behind her

Vocabulary

9  In ordinary living, unpunctuality can betolerated ____ ... (ll.4-5)

a. out ofkindness    b. on occasion    c. to a certain extent    d. in varying degrees

in varying

degrees: 在不同的程度上（不断变化）

10  The over-punctual can be just as _____ toothers as the unpunctual. (l.12)

a. detestable    b. trying   c. provident    d. inconsiderate

trial: 讨厌的事

trying adj. 气人的

detestable: 可恨的，可憎的

provident: 有先见之明的，有深谋远虑的

considerate ==

thoughtful: 体贴的，inconsiderate: 没有慎重考虑的，不周到的

11  ---- since her parents had _____ that itwould be unforgivable ... (ll.22-23)

a. stressed thepoint    b. given the impression    c. marked it down    d. given notice

impress upon: 再三嘱托

stress the point

give the

impression: 给某人以印象

12  _____ the train came into the station. (l.31)

a. Only then    b. Instantly    c. At that very moment    d. Precisely

【Key to Multiple choice questions】

1. B   2. B  3. D   4. B   5．B   6. C  7．A  8. C   9. C   10. B  11. A   12. C