Unit 26 What's the date today?

第二十六课 今天是几号？

本课重点：说明事情发生的具体日期

A. Texts & Notes

1. What's the date today?

在弗朗西斯办公室，……
Francis: Hellow. What's the date today? It's Friday, the 5th of April.
Jane: My birthday is in April. Shall I write it in your diary?
Francis: Yes, of course.
Jane: Sunday, the 15th of April, Jane's birthday.
Francis: How old will you be?
Jane: I'll be 23. 23 years old on the 15th of April. The date today is the 5th of April. Today is the 5th of April. My birthday is on the 15th of April. My birthday is on the April the 15th.

弗朗西斯：你好。今天是几号啦？今天是四月五日，星期五。
珍妮：我的生日是在四月里。我把它写在你的日记本上好吗？
弗朗西斯：好，当然好啊。
珍妮：星期日，四月十五日，珍妮的生日。
弗朗西斯：到那天你几岁啦？
珍妮：满二十三岁。四月十五日满二十三岁。今天是四月五日。我的生日是四月十五日。

注1. date 是日期，指几月几日。问今天是几月几日，说：What's the date today? 如果问今天是星期几，说：What is it today?
注2. 英语十二个月的名称和缩写如下：
January (Jan. ) /ˈdʒænjuəri/ 一月
February ( Feb. ) /ˈfebruəri/ 二月
March ( Mar. ) /mɑːtʃ/ 三月
April ( Apr. ) /ˈeɪprəl/ 四月
May ( May. ) /meɪ/ 五月
June (Jun. ) /dʒuːn/ 六月
July ( Jul. ) /dʒʊˈlaɪ/ 七月
August ( Aug. ) /ˈɔːɡəst/ 八月
September ( Sep. ) /sepˈtembə/ 九月
October ( Oct. ) /ɒkˈtəʊbə/ 十月
November ( Nov. ) /nəʊˈvembə/ 十一月
December ( Dec. ) / dɪˈsembə/ 十二月
注3. 英语用序数词表示日期，如：
1日：first ( 1st )
2日：second ( 2nd )
3日：third ( 3rd )
5日：fifth ( 5th )
11日：eleventh ( 11th )
13日：thirteenth ( 13th )
20日：twentieth ( 20th )
21日：twenty-first ( 21st )
23日：twenty-third ( 23rd )
30日：thirtieth ( 30th )
注4. 英语说几月几日有两种说法：the fifteenth of April. 或 Jane's birthday is on April the 15th.
注5. 在某月内，用 in … ；在某日，用 on … 。
Jane's birthday is in April.
Jane's birthday is on the April the 15th.

2. I'd like to go away in spring.

弗朗西斯和秘书珍妮在商谈休假计划。
Frabcis: When shall I go on holiday?
Jane: When do you want to go? You can go in spring, summer, autumn or winter.
Francis: winter?
Jane: Yes. You can go to Switzerland or Austria or … South America in December or January.
Francis: No, I'd like to go away in spring. In May, to Italy.
Jane: How long will you be away?
Francis: For three weeks.
Jane: Look! Here's a good holiday in Italy. Near Naples. In May, fromthe 10th of May.
Francis: How long dose it last?
Jane: It lasts for three weeks. From the 10th of May to the 1st of June.
Francis: How long does it take to get there?
Jane: It takes about two hours. Tow hours by plane. And a day and a half by train.
Francis: I'll go by plane. On the 10th of May. A holiday in spring.

弗朗西斯：我什么时候去度假呢？
珍妮：你相什么时候去呢？春、夏、秋、冬，你都可以去嘛。
弗朗西斯：冬天？
珍妮：对啊。十二月或一月里，你可以去瑞士，奥地利，或者南美。
弗朗西斯：不。我想在春天去。五月里，到意大利去。
珍妮：你要去多久？
弗朗西斯：三个星期。
珍妮：看。这是是趟很好的休假，在意大利。在好不勒斯附近。在五月里，从十日开始。
弗朗西斯：多长时间？
珍妮：三个星期。从五月十日至六月一日。
弗朗西斯：（路上）要多久才能到那里？
珍妮：要花两小时左右。乘飞机去两个小时，乘火车要一天半。
弗朗西斯：我乘飞机去。五月十日去。春天去度假。

*注6. 询问做一件事需多长时间，用 How long … ？
How long will you be here? （你在这里要呆多久？）
How long does the flight last? （这飞行持续了多久？）
How long are you staying here? （你在这里逗留多久？
注7. 注意表示时间的几个介词：
(1) for 表示一段时间：
I'll be here for a week.（我在这里呆一个星期。）
The flight lasts for about three hours.（飞行约持续三个小时。）
I'm staying here for five months.（我在这里逗留五个月。）
(2) form … to … , 表示从……到……：
I'll be away for four weeks, from the 21th of August to the 17th of September.（我要外出四个星期，从八月二十一日到九月十七日。）
(3) in 与春、夏、秋、冬和年、月等连用，表示在这时期内：
I"m goimg back to England in October.（我十月回英国去。）
Francis is haveing a holiday in sping.（弗朗西斯将在春季度假去。）
(4) on 用于星期几和某一具体日子：
I want to go on Saturday the 4th, not Sunday the 5th.（我要在四日星期六去，不是五日星期天。）
注8. It takes （多少时间） to do … （什么事），这是表示做什么事，需要多少时间的句型。例：
It takes about three hours from London to Athens. （从伦敦到雅典约需三小时。）
It will take two years to learn "Follow Me".（学《跟我学》要两年时间。）
这个 句型与二十三课中 How much dose it cost to go in? 相似。（参阅第二十三课注6和注14）

3. It took five hours by train.

弗朗西斯在意大利度假，遇到了一对美国夫妇，……
Stanley: We arrived here last night.
Stanley' wife: It's hice here. But we prefer Florence.
Stanley: That's to the north.
Francis: Yes, I know.
Stanley's wife: We went to Florence last year. For three weeks. In the spring.
Stanley: Yes. We arrived in Florence on the 21st of April and left on the 12th of May.
Stanley' wife: In the morning …
Stanley: And we got to Rome in the afternoon. It took five hours by train.
Stanley's wife: Yes, the train was late.
Stanley: Then we stayed in Rome for a week.
Francis: And when are you leaving here?
Stanley's wife: On Wednesday. We're going to Sicily.
Stanley: for a week. From the 3rd of June to the 10th. It takes half an hours to get to Naples by plane.
Stanley's wife: Be careful, Stanley. Not too much sugar. You don't like your coffee too sweeet. Oh, Mr Matthews, would you like some coffee?
Francis: No. Thanks.
Stanley's wife: Or a soft drink — orange or lemon, like this?
Francis: No, thank you. I have to go.
Stanley: Stay here and have a trink, like … What's that over there? Fiasco!

斯坦利：我们是昨晚到这里的。
斯坦利之妻：这里很好。可是我们更喜欢佛罗伦萨。
斯坦利：那是在北边。
弗朗西斯： 是的，我知道。
斯坦利之妻：我们是去年春季去的佛罗伦萨，呆了三个星期。
斯坦利：是的。我们是四月二十一日到佛罗伦萨的，五月十二日离开的。
斯坦利之妻：在早上……
斯坦利：我们做了五个小时的火车，下午到了罗马。
斯坦利之妻：是的火车晚点了。
斯坦利：后来我们在罗马呆了一个星期。
弗朗西斯：你们什么时候离开此地呢？
斯坦利之妻：星期三，我们要去西西里。
斯坦利：去一个星期。从六月三日到十日。乘飞机到那不勒斯要半个小时。
斯坦利之妻：斯坦利，当心点。别放太多糖。你不喜欢咖啡太甜的。喔，麦休斯先生，你要咖啡吗？
弗朗西斯：不，谢谢。
斯坦利之妻：发不喝点软饮料——象这样的桔子水或柠檬水？
弗朗西斯：不用，谢谢你们。我得走啦。
斯坦利：呆在这里喝一杯吧，象这个……那边是什么？费亚斯可！

注9. arrive 和 stay 都是不及物动词，注意与介词 in 和 at 的连用。
(1) 遇城市或国家等地名时用 in ：
We arrived in Rome on the 3rd of May.
We stayed in Beijing for five years.
(2) 遇旅馆、戏院等具体地点时用 at ：
Sam arrived at the hotel in the evening.
You are staying at Beijing hotel.
(3) here 或 there 表示地点时不再用介词：
We arrived here last night.
We stayed there for a week.
注10. to get to 与 to arrive in 或 at 同意，在口语中常用。
注11. last（上一个）和 next（下一个）在第十六课已经学过，这两词常用来表示时间：
last ( next ) week; last ( next ) month
last ( next ) year; last ( next ) May
last ( next ) Sunday; ……
注12. soft drink（软饮料）指非酒类饮料，尤指各种果汁。Fiasco 是假设的一种软饮料名。

B. Exercise

1. 电视节目和录音带中有两段对话，听后回答下列问题：
   (1)
   a. When is the man going on holiday?
   b. How long will he be away?
   — When are you going on holiday this year?
   — In the summer.
   — How long will you be away?
   — Four weeks. from the 21th of August to the 17th of September.
   (2)
   a. When is the manager going away?
   b. When will he be in Sheffield?
   c. And when in Leeds?
   d. When is he coming back?
   Manager: Mary, I'm going away next Tuesday.
   Mary: Tuesday? That's the 11th of July.
   Manager: I'll be in Sheffield from Tuesday to Friday, then I'll be in Leeds.
   Mary: That's the 11th to the 14th in Sheffield, then Leeds from the 14th. When are your coming back London?
   Manager: I'm coming back on Saturday. It's my daughter's birthday.
2. 照下列图片，说出各人生日和年龄：
   图1：Francis' birthday is on July 7th. He is forty-two years old.
   图2：Jane' birthday' is on April 15th. She is thirty-nine years old.
   图3：Mary' birthday is on September 3rd. She is sixty-four years old.
   图4：Sam' birthday is on January 2nd. He is forty year old.
   图5：Bill' birthday is on August 19th. He is fourty-nine old.
3. 用 in、on、for 填空：
   (1) We went to Shanghai 1978.
   (2) They are going away September.
   (3) He's coming home autumn.
   (4) We'll leave London the 20th of July.
   (5) She stayed in New York two weeks.
   (6) My wife's birthday is May 3rd.
4. 说出下列各人的旅行计划：

Francis is having a holiday in summer, from 7th July to 6th August. He'll be away for a month.
Mary is having a holiday in winter, from 28th December to 4th January. She'll away for a week.
George is having a holiday in spring, from 20th May to 8th April. He'll away for about three month.
Jane is having holiday in autumn, from 1st September to 31st October. She'll away for two month.

5. 读信后回答问题：
   June 1st 1980
   Dear Jean and John,
   We arrived here last night. We came by train and it took five hours! Next year we'll go by air. It's more expensive but it's quicker. We're leaving here on Wednsday and going to Sicily. Back in London on the 10th.
   Love
   Mary
   (1) When did they arrive at the hotel?
   They arrived there on May 31st.
   (2) How did they go?
   They went by train.
   (3) How long did it take?
   It took five hours.
   (4) Will they go by air next year? Why?
   Yes, they will because it's quicker.
   (5) When are they going to Sicily?
   They're going to Sicily on Wednesday.

C. Summary

1. 说法与用法

(1) 几月几日：
What's the date today?
It's the third of May. (3rd May)
It's May the third. (May 3rd)
I'll be back home in October.
I'm going away on the fifth of April.
(2) 四季
I'd like to go away in spring.
You can go in spring, summer, autumn or winter.
(3) 做事要多久：
How long will you be away?
It takes seven hours to get there.
It lasts for three weeks.
From 10th May to 1st June.
(4) 过去时间：
I was here a year ago.
I arrrived here last week.

2. 语法

表示时间概念的介词的用法：
(1) in （月、季）
in December; in spring
(2) on （某日）
on the 10th of May; on Saturday
(3) from … to … （日、月、季、星期几）
from Thursday to Saturday
from 1st of May to 10th of May
from May to October
from spring to autumn
(4) for （一段时间）
for a week; for ten days
(5) in （一段时间之内）
in a year; in ten days

Today is the 5th of April.
My birthday is on April the 15th.
How ling dose it last?
It lasts for three weeks.
How long dose it take to get there?
It takes about two hours.

D. Words & Expressions

附：Follow me （欧洲版教材）

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