Unit 23 What would you like to do?

第23课 您愿意干什么？

本课重点： 怎样表示要干什么事、能干什么事和必须干什么事。

A. Texts & Notes

1. What would you like to do?

周末，在起居室里，弗朗西斯正在和玛丽下棋。
Francis: Your move?
Mary: I don't want to play chess.
Bill: What would you like to do?
Mary: I don't know. What would you like to do?
Jane: I'd like to go out. Let's go out.
Mary: Where shall we go? What shell we do?
Francis: I want to play shess.
Bill: There are some concerts. Or shall we go to the museum? That's open. Would you like to go there?
Jane: Yes, I'd like to go there.
Mary: Francis, what do you want to do?
Francis: I want to play chess. I'm staying here.
Mary: And we're going to the museum.

弗朗西斯：该你走啦！
玛丽：我不想下棋啦。
比尔：你想干什么呢？
玛丽：我不知道。你想做什么？
珍妮：我想出去。咱们出去吧。
玛丽：咱们去哪儿？咱们干什么呢？
弗朗西斯：我要下棋。
比尔：有音乐会。要不，我们去博物馆好不好？博物馆今天开放，你们愿意去哪儿吗？
珍妮：行，我愿意上那儿去。
玛丽：弗朗西斯，你想干什么？
弗朗西斯：我要下棋。我就呆在这儿。
玛丽：那我们去博物馆啦。

 注1.I want to play chess. 这一句中的 to play chess 是动词不定式短语。动词不定式由记号 to 和动词原型构成，它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也保留有动词的特征。to play 在这里是动词不定式，它保留动词的特征，因而有宾语 chess，但在句子中是谓语动词 want 的宾语，因而有名词的特征。
 注2.want 和 would like 表示主观意愿，表明要什么（见第十九课注4、6），在 want 和 would like 后跟动词不定式，可以表示要做什么事、想做什么事。如：
 I want to go to Rome on Wednesday.（我周三要去罗马。）
 I would like to chess. （我想下棋。）
 注3.I （或 we）可用 would like … 也可用 should like … 表示意愿，但 would like 可适用各人称，口语中简化为 I'd like…。
 其否定式为：would not like 或 wouldn't like，如：
 He wouldn't like to go out.
 其疑问式为：Would you like to … ? 如：
 What would you like to do?
 Would you like to play chess?
 注4. want to something 的否定式为：
 I ( You / we / They ) don't want to go.
 He ( she / It ) doesn't want to go.
 疑问式为：
 Do you ( we / they ) want to play chess?
 What do you want to play?
 Does he ( she / it ) want to go?
 Where dose hr want to go?

2. I can park here easily.

珍妮、比尔、玛丽三人乘小汽车来到了博物馆前。
Jane: You can't park here, Bill.
Bill: Why not?
Jane: You can't do it. Your car's too big.
Bill: I can park here easily. It's not difficult.
Mary: It isn't easy. I'll help. Can you see that way?
Bill: I can't see very well. But I'll be all right.
Jane: What happened?
Mary: It don't matter. The car's all right. You can go that way. You can go about one and a half meters. Be careful. Stop!
Bill: Look at that! You didn't stop me.
Jane: You didn't listen her.
Bill: Well, Jane, Would you like to park the car?
Jane: No, I can't drive.
Bill: You want to go to museum. Please, don't wait for me. I'll park the car. It's easy. I can park here easily. It isn't difficult.

珍妮：你不能在这儿停车，比尔。
比尔：怎么不能？
珍妮：你停不了。你的车太大了。
比尔：我不费劲就能停在这儿。这不难。
玛丽：这可不容易。我来帮你。你能看见哪边吗？
比尔：看不清楚。不过我能行。
珍妮：怎么了？
玛丽：没关系。车没事儿。你可以往那边开。你可以开大约一米半。小心！停！
比尔：看那！你没有喊我停。
珍妮：你没她的嘛。
比尔：好吧，珍妮，你来停这辆车好吗？
珍妮：不，我不会开车。
比尔：你们要去博物馆。请不要等我了。我来把车停好。这容易，我不费劲就能把车停在这儿。这不难。

 注5. can 和 can't 用来表示能不能做某事，可以不可以做某事。如：
 Can I buy a ticket here? （我能在这儿买张票吗？）
 You can wash these trousers in warm water. （你可以用热水洗裤子。）
 注6. 表示做某事容易或困难，可以 it 代表某事，说： It's easy. It isn't difficult. 或： It's difficult. It isn't easy.
 如要说明做什么事容易（或困难），可以说：It's easy ( difficult ) to …。例如：It isn't easy to park here. （在这里停车不容易。）It's difficult to park here.
 这种句子中的 it 是引词，作为句中的形式主语，而在后面的动词不定式 to park here 是真实的主语。
 注7. easily 是由 easy 变来的副词，英语形容词加词尾 -ly 成为副词，副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。如：I can park here easily. （我可以很容易地把车停在这里。）
 注8. Why not? 在口语中常用。如：
 — You can't smoke here.
 — Why not? ( = Why can't I smoke here. )
 注9. wait for 是一个短语动词，意为等候。

3. You have to go in there.

在博物馆展览厅入口处，……
Jane: What's the matter?
Mary: I thik he wants to look in your bag.
Jane: Yes, I think so.
Attendant: Excuse me, miss.
Jane: Do you want to look in my bag?
Attendant: No, I don't. But you can't take bags inside the museum. You have to leave them here.
Jane: Can I leave my bag with you?
Attendant:No. Please take it over there, to the cloakroom.
Jane: (to Mary) I'll be back in a moment.
Mary: How much dose it cost to go in?
Attendant: It's free.
Mary: Oh, good. Can I take photograghs?
Attendant: Yes, certainly. Excuse me, miss. You can't go in here. You have to go in there.**

珍妮：怎么了？
玛丽：我看他是想检查你的手提包。
珍妮：是的，我看也是。
服务员：劳驾，小姐。
珍妮：你要检查我的手提包吗？
服务员：不，我不检查。不过您不能把包带进博物馆内。您得把包留在这里。
珍妮：我把包交给您行吗？
服务员：不行。请拿到那边去，合到衣帽间去。
珍妮：（对玛丽）我马上就回来。
玛丽：进去要多少钱？
服务员：这里是免费的。
玛丽：啊，好。我可以照相吗？
服务员：当然可以。对不起，小姐。您不能从这儿进入。从那边进去。

 注10. look in 是动词短语，意思是检查。
 注11. But you can't take bags inside the museum. 这句用了复数 bags，前面不加定冠词 the，意思是不许带包（这类东西）东西入内。
 注12. have to 加原型动词，用来表示必须做某事，不得不做某事。它含有因客观情况所限而必须的意思。
 You have to wait for the green light to go.（你必须等绿灯亮后再走。）
 Your camera never works. You have to turn it this way.（你的照相机从来不灵。你必须朝这个方向拧。）
 It' free on Sunday. But you have to pay on Saturday.（星期日是免费的。可是星期六你必须付钱。）
 have to 的一般现在时变化如下：
 肯定句：
  I ( you / we / they ) have to …
  He（ she / it ) has to…
 否定句：
  I ( you / we / they ) don't have to …
  He ( she / it ) dosen't have to…
 疑问句：
  Do I ( you / we / they ) have to …
  Dose He（ she / it ) have to…
 注13. 这一课中学的 would like 中的 would，can 以及 have to，都是英语的情态动词。情态动词本身有词义，表示说话人的语气和情态。但词义不完全。要与动词原形一起构成谓语动词。
 注14. How much dose it cost to go in? 句中的 it 是引词（见本课注6），回答应是：It costs 50p ( to go in ).

B. Exercise

1. 电视节目和录音带中，一位旅客正在买飞机票，请您杷他们的对话补充完整。
   Clerk: Can I help you?
   Customer: I want .
   Clerk: Where in Italy, sir?
   Customer: I want Rome.
   Clerk: And when ?
   Customer: Next week, Wednesday.
   Clerk: Sorry, sir, you can't fly to Rome . All the flights are full. You .
   Customer: Can I go by tain? I want to get to Rome on Wednesday.
   Clerk: Yes, sir. And you can buy your ticket here. but you .
2. 按照例子回答问题：
   问：What would you like to do this evening? ( wacth TV / go out )
   答：I'd like to watch television, but I have to go out.
   (1) What would you like to do tomorrow? ( work in the garden / go to the office )
    I'd like to work in the garden, but I have to go to the office.
   (2) Where would you like to go tonight? ( go to the cinema / stay at home )
    I'd like to go to the cinema, but I have to stay at home.
   (3) What would you like to do next weekend? ( go to the museum / stay in the office )
    I'd like to go to the museum, but I have to stay in the office.
   (4) Where would you like to go on Sunday? ( have a meal at Franco's / stay at home )
    I'd like to have a meal at Franco's, but I have to stay af home.
3. 朗读并练习以下对话：
   A: I want to play chess.
   B: I don't want to play chess.
   A: What do you want to do?
   B: I want to go out.
   === === ===
   A: I'd like to go to the museum. Would you like to go?
   B: No, I wouldn't. I'd like to stay at home and watch television.
4. 先看一下标志上的字，然后进行对话：
   (1) A: Can I turn right? B: No. you can't. You have to turn left.
   (2) A: Can I park here? B: No, you can't. You have to par there.
   (3) A: Can I take photograghs? B: No, you can't. You have to leave your cameras here.
   (4) A: Can I go in here? B: No, you can't. You have to go in there.
   (5) A: Can I leave my bag here? B: No, you can't. You have to take it to the cloakroom.
5. 假设你和一个朋友讨论这个星期六去做什么，意见不一致，可以这样开始谈话：
   A: What shall we do on Saturday evening? Where shall we go?
   B: Let's go and have a meal.
   A: I'm sorry. I wouldn't like to. I'd like to go to the cinema.
   请你们接着讨论下去。

C. Summary

1. 说法与用法

(1) 表示是否愿意做某事：
 What do you want to do?
 I (don't) want play chess.
 较客气时：
 What would you like to do?
 I'd like to go out.
(2) 表示能否做某事：
 You can't take bags inside the museum.
 I can park here easily.
(3) 表示必须做某事：
 You have to leave them here.
(4) 表示此事容易或困难：
 It's easy.
 It's difficult.

2. 语法

(1) 动词不定式：由不定式记号 to 加动词原形构成，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也保留动词的特征。
(2) 情态动词 would, can, have to.
 A: What shall we do on Saturday evening? Where shall we go?
 B: Let's go and have a meal.
 A: I'm sorry. I wouldn't like to. I'd like to go to the cinema.

Would you like to go there?
I'd like to go there.
What do you want to do?
It's easy.
I can park here easily.
It isn't difficult.
You can't go in here.
You have to go in there.

D. Words & Expressions

附：Follow me （欧洲版教材）

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