Unit 18 Why do you like it?

第十八课 你为什么喜欢它？

本课重点：怎么说明为什么喜欢或不喜欢某些东西

A. Texts & Notes

1. Why do people like things?

 Fransic: Why do you people like things? Let's see. English people like animals. Some people like dogs, because they're friendly. Some people like cats, because they're quiet. Some people like parrots, because they talk.
 Parrot: Hollow.
 Francis: Why do you like dogs?
 Man: Because they're friendly.
 Woman: I don't like dogs. I prefer cats.
 Francis: Why do you prefer cats?
 Woman: Because they are quiet. They don't make much niose.
 Francis: Why do you like parrots?
 Woman: Because they talk.
 Francis: That parrot doesn't talk.
 Parrot: Yes, I do.

 弗朗西斯：人们为什么喜欢某些东西呢？我们来看看。英国人喜欢动物。有的喜欢狗，因为狗很友好。有的人喜欢猫，因为猫安静。有的喜欢鹦鹉，因为鹦鹉会说话。
 鹦鹉：你好！
 弗朗西斯：你为什么喜欢狗呢？
 男子：因为狗很友好。
 女子：我不喜欢狗，我喜欢猫。
 弗朗西斯：你为什么喜欢猫呢？
 女子：因为猫安静。猫不怎么吵闹。
 弗朗西斯：你为什么喜欢鹦鹉呢？
 女子：因为鹦鹉会说话。
 弗朗西斯：那只鹦鹉不会说话。
 鹦鹉：说，我会说。

 注1. why 是疑问副词，询问理由时用。可以用 why 引出一个问句，也可以单独使用，说 Why? 回答用 because …
 —Why don't you like that coat? Because it's expensive, and it isn't long enough.
 —I don't like these new shoes. Why? Because they are too small.
 —Why do you like me? Because you give me presents.
 注2. Let's see. 意思是“让我们想想。”当另人问你问题，你需要考虑时，可以说 Let's me see. 意思是“让我考虑一下。”
 注3. much 和 many 都是“许多” 的意思，但用法不同，much 用于不可数名词，many 用于可数名词。如：
 much noise; much time; much money; etc.
 many peoples; many days; many things; etc.
 注4. to make noise 意思是，发出吵闹声。
 He always makes a noise at night. （他晚上老发出吵闹声。）

2. Here's a lamp which looks nice.

 一对年轻夫妇到商店去买台灯。
 Husband: This one. Let's buy this lamp.
 Wife: No. It's too big. This one's better.
 Husband: No. Not that one, please.
 Wife: Why not?
 Husband: My mother won't like it.
 Wife: But, it's not for your mother. It's for us. And I like it.
 Husband: What about this one?
 Wife: No, I don't like it at all. I don't like the colour. I prefer that one. What do you think of it?
 Huband: Oh, no!
 Wife: Why don't you like that one.
 Husband: Because it's too big and too expensive. We can't buy a lamp which costs £55.
 Shopkeeper: Can I help me?
 Husband: Yes. Would you show us lamp? One which is not too big and which isn't expensive and which looks nice.
 Shopkeeper: This one looks nice. Here's a lamp which looks nice. And here's one which isn't expensive.

 丈夫：这一盏。我们买这盏灯吧。
 妻子：不，那盏太大了。这一盏好些。
 丈夫：不，不要那盏。
 妻子：为什么不要？
 丈夫：我母亲不喜欢。
 妻子：这又不是给你母亲买的。这是给我们买的。我喜欢这盏灯。
 丈夫：这盏怎么样？
 妻子：不好，我一点也不喜欢这盏。我不喜欢这个颜色。我喜欢那一盏。你觉得怎么样？
 丈夫：喔，不好！
 妻子：你为什么不喜欢那一盏？
 丈夫：因为它太大而且太贵，我们不能花五十五镑买盏灯。
 店员：我能帮你的忙吗？
 丈夫：是的。请给我们看一盏灯，好吗？要一盏不太大，又不太贵，而又好看的灯。
 店员：这盏看来不错。这是一盏好看的灯。这是一盏不贵的灯。

 注5. 第八课出现过 which, 那是疑问词，意思是“那个”。如：
 Coffee or tea, which do you prefer?
本课出现的 which 是关系代词，用在复合句中，连接主语与定语从句。如：
 We want to buy a lamp which is not too expensive. （我们想买一盏不太贵的灯。）
这名话可以折成两句：
 We want to buy a lamp.
 The lamp is not too expensive.
用 which 代替第二名的“the lamp”，然后把两句子连成一个，这就构成一个复合句。which 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰主语的宾语 lamp，说明这盏灯不是任何一盏灯，而是特定的灯——“不太贵的灯”。例如：
 We prefer the room which has a shower.（我们喜欢带淋浴的房间。）
 I like the room which faces the sea. （我喜欢朝海的那个房间。）
 I don't like coats which have belts.（我不喜欢有腰带的外衣。）
 注6. to show sb. sth. 意思是“给某人看某物”。如：
 Show me the red coat over there, please.
 Show me those shoes, please.

3. There lamps are different.

 年轻夫妇新买的灯不亮了，于是他们又去商店换灯。
 Wife: May we have another lamps?
 Shopkeeper: Yes, of course, madam. But why?
 Wife: Because this one doesn't work.
 Husband: Would you please us one which works?
 Shopkeeper: Certainly, sir. Just a moment, please. Here you are.
 Wife: That's not the same. It's smaller than this one.
 Shopkeeper: You are right. It isn't the same. It's different. It's a different size.
 Husband: This one's a different colour.
 Shopkeeper: Same size - different colour…
 Hasband: May we have one which is the same size and the same colour?
 Shopkeeper: This is the right one. These lamps are the same. These lamps are different. Here you are. This one will work.

 妻子：我们要换另一盏灯。
 店员：当然可以。夫人，不过为什么呢？
 妻子：因为这个不灵。
 丈夫：请给我们一盏没毛病的灯。
 店员：当然啰，先生。请等一下。给你。
 妻子：那盏不一样。比这盏小。
 店员：你说得对，是不一样。是不相同的。大小不同。
 丈夫：这盏的颜色不同。
 店员：大小一样，颜色不同……
 丈夫：我们要一盏大小一样，颜色也一样的灯，可以吗？
 店员：这盏就对了。这两盏灯一样。这两盏灯不一样。给您。这一盏没在毛病。

 注7. This one dosen't work. 这里“ work ” 的意思是“能用”，don't work 的意思是“有毛病”、“不能用”。如：
 The wacth works well. （这表走得很好。）
 The telephone isn't working. （电话坏了。）
 注8. the came 的意思是“相同的”。如：
 These shoes are the same.
 There houses are the same colour.
 They study are the same college.
same 的反意词是 different. 如：
 These lamps are different.

B. Exercise

1. 电视节目中有一段情景是一对夫妇去旅馆订房间。请说出：
   (1) 他们要的是单人间（single room）还是双人间（double room）？
   (2) 他们要带淋浴还要带澡盆的房间？
   (3) 那位女客人说了什么要求？接待员是怎么回答的？
    Man: Can you have a double room, please?
    Clerk: Certainly. With a bath or shower?
    Man: We preper the room which has a shower?
    Wife: And I like one which isn't too noisy.
    Clerk: This room is very quiet, madam.

2. 电视节目和录音带中有几个人在旅行社商量到什么地方去旅游。他们的对话如下，请填空：
    Man: We like Madrid. But we there .
    1st Woman: I prefer or a village.
    Man: A quite village .
    2nd Woman: A quiet village . Look. What do you think of this? It's from the sea.
    1st Woman: That looks .
    Man: And there's a good hotel .

3. 练习以下对话：
   A: What do you think of the new hotel?
   B: I think it's very nice.
   A: Do you ? Why?
   B: Becaurse it's clean and quiet.
   ==== ==== ==== ====
   A: Can I help you?
   B: I'm looking for q coat which isn't too expensive.
   A: Look at this red coat.
   B: It looks nice. How much does it cost?
   A: It cost £150.
   B: No, I can't buy a coats £150. Is there anything cheaper?
   A: What about this white one, which costs 60 pounds?
   B: I liks it. I'll take it.
   A: Here are you.
   B: Thank you.

4. 请将下列括弧内的汉语译成英语：
   (1) Why do you like the coat? . （因为它暖和。）
   (2) Why don't you like pop music? . （因为它吵。）
   (3) I prefer hotels . （比较便宜的。）
   (4) I don't like hotel . （离海很远的。）
   (5) I want a coat .（不太贵，又好看的。）

5. 假设你给你的妹妹买一只皮箱，一只又大又不太贵的棕色的皮箱，你该怎样向售货员说明？
   A: Good morning. I'm looking for a suitcase for my sisther.
   B: This one looks nice.
   A: I want one which is big and which isn't too expensive.
   B: What do you think of this one.
   A: I like it. What's it made of?
   B: It's made of real leather.
   A: How much is it?
   B: Sixty yuan.
   A: That's not really cheap enough, but I'll take it.

C. Summary

1. 说法与用法

(1) 说明或询问为什么喜欢或不喜欢：
 Why do you like (prefer) dogs?
 Because they're friendly.
(2) 说明所指东西大小、价格、材料和外表等等：
 I want a coat which isn't too small.
 I want a coat which isn'e too expesive.
 I want a coat which is made of wool.
 I want a coat which looks nice.
(3) 说明东西相同或不同：
 It's the same. It's different.
 It's the same size, but a different colour.

2. 语法

(1) many 和 much
many 用于可数名词，如：many books
 How many books do you have?
much 用于不可数名词，如：much money
 How much money do they cost?
(2) 复合句，由一个主句和一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体，从句是主句的一个部分，从句由关系代词或关系副词引导并与主句相连。以关系代词 which 引导的从句，修饰主句的名词，叫定语从句，如：
 I prefer a quite village which is near the sea.
 Wondl you please give us a lamp which works?

Why do you like dogs?
Because thet're friendly.
Here's a lamp which looks nice.
Here's one which isn't expensive.
These lamps are the same.
These lamps are different.

D. Words & Expressions

附：Follow me （欧洲版教材）

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