Alcatraz 1（恶魔岛联邦监狱，旧金山，加利福尼亚，1962年6月11日）

Alcatraz is a small island in San Francisco Bay, 1.5 miles from San Francisco.恶魔岛是旧金山湾的一个小岛，距离旧金山1.5英里。

From Alcatraz, you can see the famous Golden Gate Bridge.从恶魔岛，你可以看到著名的金门大桥。

Alcatraz is also famous and is now a major tourist attraction.恶魔岛也很有名，现在是一个主要的旅游胜地。

Tourists can reach the island by boat from the city.游客可以从城市乘船到达该岛。

Alcatraz has often appeared in movies, including "Escape from Alcatraz" which was made in 1979.恶魔岛经常出现在电影中，包括1979年制作的《逃离恶魔岛》。

One reason it’s famous is because it used to be a prison, a very special prison.它出名的一个原因是它曾经是一个监狱，一个非常特别的监狱。

It was designed for prisoners who were causing trouble in other prisons, such as trying to escape.它是为那些在其他监狱制造麻烦的囚犯设计的，比如试图逃跑的囚犯。

It was a maximum security prison, so escape was almost impossible.这是一座戒备森严的监狱，所以越狱几乎是不可能的。

The waters around it are cold, and only very strong swimmers can swim from the island to San Francisco.它周围的水域很冷，只有非常强壮的游泳者才能从这个岛游到旧金山。

The first group of prisoners arrived in 1934.第一批囚犯于1934年到达。

There were 137 prisoners, including bank robbers and murderers.共有137名囚犯，包括抢劫银行和谋杀犯。

They came by train from another prison in the state of Kansas.他们是坐火车从堪萨斯州的另一所监狱来的

During that trip there was heavy security.那次旅行有严密的安全措施。

The prisoners were under guard and handcuffed.囚犯们在看守下戴上手铐

Nobody wanted them to escape.没有人想让他们逃跑。

Alcatraz 2

The prison was designed to hold up to容纳 336 prisoners.这座监狱原计划关押336名囚犯。

However the average population was only about 270.然而，平均人口只有270人左右。

Although there were several notorious inmates, such as Al Capone, most of the inmates were not well-known.虽然有几个臭名昭著的囚犯，如Al Capone，大多数囚犯并不出名。

Many had tried to escape from other prisons or were considered violent.许多人试图逃离其他监狱或被认为是暴力的。

If a man did not behave at another prison, he could be sent to Alcatraz.如果一个人在其他监狱不守规矩，他可能会被送到恶魔岛。

At Alcatraz there was just one inmate in each prison cell.在恶魔岛，每个牢房只有一个囚犯

Prison life at Alcatraz was highly structured and boring.恶魔岛的监狱生活是高度结构化和枯燥的。

It was designed to teach prisoners to follow rules.它被设计用来教囚犯遵守规则。

They had four rights: food, clothing, shelter and medical care.他们有四项权利:食物、衣服、住所和医疗

Everything else was a privilege that had to be earned.其他一切都是必须争取的特权。。

Privileges included working, visits from family members, and access to the prison library.特权包括工作、家庭成员来访和进入监狱图书馆。

There were also activities such as painting and music.还有绘画和音乐等活动。

Once a prisoner showed that he could follow the rules, he could be transferred back to another prison to finish his sentence.一旦一个囚犯表现出他可以遵守规则，他就可以被转回另一个监狱完成他的刑期。

Alcatraz was used as a prison for 29 years.恶魔岛曾被用作监狱长达29年。

During that time, no prisoner escaped successfully.在这段时间里，没有一个囚犯成功越狱。

There were 14 escape attempts, involving 36 prisoners.有14次越狱企图，涉及36名囚犯。

Twenty-three were caught alive, and six were shot and killed.23人被活捉，6人被击毙。

2 men tried to escape twce.两名男子试图逃跑两次。

2 drowned and 5 were listed as missing and presumed drowned.2人溺亡，5人失踪，估计已溺亡。

The most violent escape attempt occurred on May 2nd, 1946 when 6 prisoners tried to escape.最暴力的越狱企图发生在1946年5月2日，当时6名囚犯试图越狱。

That event is called the "Battle of Alcatraz."这个事件被称为“恶魔岛之战”。

While it was in use, Alcatraz held some of the most notorious criminals in American history, such as Al Capone.在使用期间，恶魔岛关押了一些美国历史上最臭名昭著的罪犯，比如Al Capone。

Al Capone was a crime boss who built his career in Chicago.艾尔·卡彭(Al Capone)是一名犯罪团伙头目，在芝加哥开创了自己的职业生涯。

The prison was finally closed in 1963.这座监狱终于在1963年关闭了。

It was closed because it was too expensive to operate.因为运营成本太高，所以关闭了。

Why was the prison finally closed?

No prisoners ever escaped from Alcatraz.