在Java中,内部类有四种不同的类型。这篇文章用四个简单的例子来阐明它们。
1.静态嵌套类
class Outer {
static class Inner {
void go() {
System.out.println("Inner class reference is: " + this);
}
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Outer.Inner n = new Outer.Inner();
n.go();
}
}
输出:
Inner class reference is: Outer$Inner@19e7ce87
2.成员内部类
成员类是特定于实例的。 它可以访问所有的方法,字段和其他的外部类的引用。
public class Outer {
private int x = 100;
public void makeInner(){
Inner in = new Inner();
in.seeOuter();
}
class Inner{
public void seeOuter(){
System.out.println("Outer x is " + x);
System.out.println("Inner class reference is " + this);
System.out.println("Outer class reference is " + Outer.this);
}
}
public static void main(String [] args){
Outer o = new Outer();
Inner i = o.new Inner();
i.seeOuter();
}
}
输出:
Outer x is 100
Inner class reference is Outer$Inner@4dfd9726
Outer class reference is Outer@43ce67ca
3.方法内部类
public class Outer {
private String x = "outer";
public void doStuff() {
class MyInner {
public void seeOuter() {
System.out.println("x is " + x);
}
}
MyInner i = new MyInner();
i.seeOuter();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Outer o = new Outer();
o.doStuff();
}
}
输出:
x is outer
public class Outer {
private static String x = "static outer";
public static void doStuff() {
class MyInner {
public void seeOuter() {
System.out.println("x is " + x);
}
}
MyInner i = new MyInner();
i.seeOuter();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Outer.doStuff();
}
}
4.匿名内部类
当你在一个GUI程序中,为一个widget添加一个动作监听器的时候常被用到。
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
comp.setText("Button has been clicked");
}
});