大家平时开发中使用最多的定时器应该是NSTimer了,但是,NSTimer同时也存在一些弊端:比如,有时候你要把它添加到不同的runloop model上才能保证它正常执行,又或者使用不当导致拥有它的对象无法释放,又或者NSTimer本身的机制导致它并不是很精确。
下面就介绍一下GCD定时器的实现:
GCD定时器其实是一种特殊的分派源,它是基于分派队列的,而NSTimer是基于运行循环的,所以,尤其是在多线程中,GCD定时器要比NSTimer好用的多。另外,GCD定时器使用dispatch_block_t,而不是方法选择器。
@interface GCDTimer : NSObject
+(GCDTimer *)repeatingTimerWithTimeInterval:(NSTimeInterval)seconds block:(dispatch_block_t)block;
@end
@interface GCDTimer()
@property (nonatomic, strong) dispatch_block_t block;
@property (nonatomic, strong) dispatch_source_t source;
@end
@implementation GCDTimer
+(GCDTimer *)repeatingTimerWithTimeInterval:(NSTimeInterval)seconds block:(dispatch_block_t)block {
GCDTimer *timer = [[self alloc] init];
timer.block = block;
timer.source = dispatch_source_create(DISPATCH_SOURCE_TYPE_TIMER, 0, 0, dispatch_get_main_queue()); // 首先,创建一个定时器分派源并绑定到主分派队列上,这使得定时器总是在主线程上触发
uint64_t nsec = (uint64_t)(seconds * NSEC_PER_SEC);
dispatch_source_set_timer(timer.source, dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, nsec), nsec, 0);//设置定时器
dispatch_source_set_event_handler(timer.source, block);//设置事件处理程序
dispatch_resume(timer.source);//打开定时器(分派源通常都是需要配置的,所以它们创建的时候处于暂停状态,只有resume之后才会开始发送事件)
return timer;
}
-(void)invalidate {
if (self.source) {
dispatch_source_cancel(self.source);
self.source = nil;
}
self.block = nil;
}
-(void)dealloc {
[self invalidate];//销毁时将定时器设置为无效
}
@end
GCD定时器在各种runloop model下都是可以执行的,因为它并不依赖与此,而NStimer,比如UIScrollView滚动的时候就需要添加到特定的model上才能执行。
如果要后台执行定时器,只要添加一下设置即可:
- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application {
UIApplication* app = [UIApplication sharedApplication];
__block UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier bgTask;
bgTask = [app beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:^{
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
if (bgTask != UIBackgroundTaskInvalid) {
bgTask = UIBackgroundTaskInvalid;
}
});
}];
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
if (bgTask != UIBackgroundTaskInvalid) {
bgTask = UIBackgroundTaskInvalid;
}
});
});
}
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下面是swift 3.0的写法:
class GCDTimer {
var block: () -> Void
var source: DispatchSourceTimer
init(block: @escaping ()->Void, source: DispatchSourceTimer) {
self.block = block
self.source = source
}
class func repeatingTimer(timeInterval seconds: Double, block: @escaping () -> Void) -> GCDTimer {
let source = DispatchSource.makeTimerSource(flags: [], queue: DispatchQueue.main)
let timer = GCDTimer(block: block, source: source)
timer.source.scheduleRepeating(deadline: DispatchTime.now(), interval: seconds)
timer.source.setEventHandler(handler: block)
timer.source.resume()
return timer
}
deinit {
self.source.cancel()
}
}
后台执行:
func applicationDidEnterBackground(_ application: UIApplication) {
let app = UIApplication.shared
var bgTask: UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier!
bgTask = app.beginBackgroundTask(expirationHandler: {
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if bgTask != UIBackgroundTaskInvalid {
bgTask = UIBackgroundTaskInvalid
}
}
})
DispatchQueue.global().async {
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if bgTask != UIBackgroundTaskInvalid {
bgTask = UIBackgroundTaskInvalid
}
}
}
}
祝大家玩的愉快!