上句见：Day295
The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第5节V. The Political Problem第3段第8句：
He answers, because of greed and luxury. Men are not content with a simple life: they are acquisitive, ambitious, competitive, and jealous; they soon tire of what they have, and pine for what they have not; and they seldom desire anything unless it belongs to others. The result is the encroachment of one group upon the territory of another, the rivalry of groups for the resources of the soil, and then war. Trade and finance develop, and bring new class-divisions. "Any ordinary city is in fact two cities, one the city of the poor, the other of the rich, each at war with the other; and in either division there are smaller ones — you would make a great mistake if you treated them as single states"(423). A mercantile bourgeoisie arises, whose members seek social position through wealth and conspicuous consumption:"they will spend large sums of money on their wives"(548). These changes in the distribution of wealth produce political changes: as the wealth of the merchant over-reaches that of the land-owner, aristocracy gives way to a plutocratic oligarchy — wealthy traders and bankers rule the state. Then statesmanship, which is the coordination of social forces and the adjustment of policy to growth, is replaced by politics, which is the strategy of party and the lust for the spoils of office.
浙江大学译本：接着，政治家治国安邦的才能，即协调各种社会势力和调整各项社会政策以促使国家富强，也被政治手段替代，即党派策略和对官职的贪恋、掠夺。
解析
1、Then statesmanship, which is the coordination of social forces and the adjustment of policy to growth, is replaced by politics, which is the strategy of party and the lust for the spoils of office.
接着，协调社会力量并调整政策以适应发展的治国之术，至此沦为权术，即党同伐异的策略以及对官职利益的觊觎。
statesmanship：治国理政的才能
I admit I have not been in Parliament any more than I have figured in the beau mode; yet I cannot but think that statesmanship, as well as high breeding, is learned, not by books, but in certain centers of education.我承认，我在议会露面的次数跟我在上流社会露面的次数一样少；然而，我不得不认为，治国理政的才能，就如同高雅的教养一样，并非从书本中学来，而是在某些特定的教育中心习得。《西南联大英文教本》
politics：the activities, attitudes, or behaviors that are used to get or keep power or an advantage within a group, organization, etc. 手腕；策略；权术
I don't want to get involved in office politics.
spoils: the benefits that someone gets when they win something, for example a war 战利品；利益
so the original sinews and the final spoils of war came in this case from the self-same source — a circumstance which appealed to us both.因此，在这种情况下，最初的力量和最后的战利品来自同一处——这是种对我们双方都有吸引力的情况。《业余神偷拉菲兹》
这句指出了财阀寡头主要为了分赃，而不是让国家发展。
整段
这段一步步分析了完美社会不存在的理由。人性贪婪，侵占、竞争及战争——>商业兴起，阶级分化——>财阀寡头，治国变分赃。
他的答案是因为贪婪和奢侈。人类不满足简朴的生活：他们贪得无厌，野心勃勃，争强好胜还嫉贤妒能；他们很快便会厌烦所拥有的，转而渴求所没有的；而且，他们所渴求常常是别人拥有而自己没有，要是旁人没有，他们也不稀罕。这种欲望的催生出群体间侵占领土，争夺土地资源，最终引发战争。商业与金融的兴起带来了新的阶级分化。“实际上，任何一座普通城市都包含着两个城市：穷人之城和富人之城，彼此敌对。而且在两个部分中的任何一个里又有更小的——你若将它们视为单一的城邦，那将大错特错了。”（第423节）一个商业资产阶级应运而生，其成员通过财富和大肆挥霍寻求社会地位：“他们会在他们老婆身上花掉大量钱。”（第548节）财富分配的这些变化引发了政治变革：随着商人的财富超过地主，贵族政治让位于财阀寡头——富有的商人和银行家统治成为城邦的统治者。接着，协调社会力量并调整政策以适应发展的治国之术，至此沦为权术，即党同伐异的策略以及对官职利益的觊觎。
