Day262|伦理学问题:奴役天性赞美正义只因自身懦夫

上句见:Day261
The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第4节IV. The Ethical Problem第4段引文第6句:

This, of course, is the doctrine which our own day more or less correctly associates with the name of Nietzsche. "Verily I laughed many a time over the weaklings who thought themselves good because they had lame paws."11 Stirner expressed the idea briefly when he said that "a handful of might is better than a bagful of right." Perhaps nowhere in the history of philosophy is the doctrine better formulated than by Plato himself in another dialogue, Gorgias (483 f), where the Sophist Calicoes denounces morality as an invention of the weak to neutralize the strength of the strong.
They distribute praise and censure with a view to their own interests; they say that dishonesty is shameful and unjust — meaning by dishonesty the desire to have more than their neighbors; for knowing their own inferiority, they would be only too glad to have equality…. But if there were a man who had sufficient force [enter the Superman], he would shake off and break through and escape from all this; he would trample under foot all our formulas and spells and charms, and our laws, that sin against nature…. He who would truly live ought to allow his desires to wax to the uttermost; but when they have grown to their greatest he should have courage and intelligence to minister to them, and to satisfy all his longings. And this I affirm to be natural justice and nobility. But the many cannot do this; and therefore they blame such persons, because they are ashamed of their own inability, which they desire to conceal; and hence they call intemperance base…. They enslave the nobler natures, and they praise justice only because they are cowards.
This justice is a morality not for men but for foot-men (oude gar andros all' andrapodou tints) it is a slave-morality, not a hero-morality; the real virtues of a man are courage (andreia) and intelligence(phronesis).12
11Thus Spake Zarathustra, New York, 1906, P.166
12Gorgias 491; cf. Machiavelli's definition of virtù as intellect plus force.
浙江大学译本:他们禁锢自身崇高的自然需求并赞美正义,只因他们是懦夫。

解析

1、They enslave the nobler natures, and they praise justice only because they are cowards.
他们奴役更为崇高的天性,而他们赞扬正义只因为他们是懦夫。
enslave: to make (someone) a slave束缚;约束;奴役
There are also people who are descendants of people who were enslaved by the congressmen.还有一些人是被国会议员奴役的人的后代。《华盛顿邮报》

这又是总结性的句子。懦夫的特点,不崇尚自然而赞扬正义。

他们奴役更为崇高的天性,而他们赞扬正义只因为他们是懦夫。

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