The essence of trauma is the structural dissociation of the personality.
心理创伤的本质就是人格结构解离。
目标：We as human beings must engage in adaptive and thus integrative actions to function at our best. Raise mental level, improve mental and relational skills in this context, and overcome specific phobias that maintain structural dissociation and hamper adaptive functioning.
人格结构解离是一种特定的（心理）组织结构，其特征是人格中各个心理生理子系统过分僵化，彼此封闭。这些特征导致幸存者的人格整体缺乏一致性和协调性。
Structural dissociation is a particular organization in which different psychobiological subsystems of the personality are unduly rigid and closed to each other. These features lead to a lack of coherence and coordination within the survivor’s personality as a whole.
The mental and behavioral actions of survivors shift with the type of dissociative parts that exerts executive control.
幸存者的心理活动和行为活动如何随着不同的解离部分执行控制功能而转变。
impaired integrative capacity 受损的整合能力
develop a trauma-related disorder later in life when they become tested beyond their integrative limits
这个治疗方法的基础是：支持患者学会运用更有效的心理活动和行为活动。这样会使他们更有能力适应生活，从而处理他们的人格结构解离。这个原则表示，治疗的总体目标是提升整合能力(raising integrative capacity)，或称作患者的心智水平（mental level），以便应对日常生活的要求(first in order to cope with the demands of daily life)，然后再处理那些缠绕他们的过去残余及“未完结之事”(then to deal with the haunting remnants of the past)，特别是创伤记忆。
扭曲现实导致适应问题，同时也反映了幸存者使用相对较低的心智水平去面对生活的挑战。
