上一篇文章我们分析了View的事件分发机制,今天我们分析下ViewGroup的时间分发机制。ViewGroup是View的子类,所以它肯定有继承部分View的特性,当然它也有自己的特性,二者具体有何不同呢?
例子
我们来举一个栗子吧~
首先我们自定义Button和自定义LinearLayout,将Button放入在LinearLayout中,下面主要重写部分方法,添加Log。
TestButton.java
public class TestButton extends Button {
@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
Log.i("w", "TestButton dispatchTouchEvent-- action=" + event.getAction());
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
Log.i("w", "TestButton onTouchEvent-- action=" + event.getAction());
return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}
}
TestLinearLayout.java
public class TestLinearLayout extends LinearLayout {
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
Log.i("w", "TestLinearLayout onInterceptTouchEvent-- action=" + ev.getAction());
return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}
@Override
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
Log.i("w", "TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=" + event.getAction());
return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
Log.i("w", "TestLinearLayout onTouchEvent-- action=" + event.getAction());
return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}
}
main_activity.xml
<io.weimu.caoyang.TestLinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:id="@+id/mylayout">
<io.weimu.caoyang.TestButton
android:id="@+id/my_btn"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="click test"/>
</com.zzci.light.TestLinearLayout>
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity.java extends Activity implements View.OnTouchListener, View.OnClickListener {
private TestLinearLayout mLayout;
private TestButton mButton;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mLayout = (TestLinearLayout) this.findViewById(R.id.mylayout);
mButton = (TestButton) this.findViewById(R.id.my_btn);
mLayout.setOnTouchListener(this);
mButton.setOnTouchListener(this);
mLayout.setOnClickListener(this);
mButton.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
Log.i("w", v+" onTouch-- action="+event.getAction());
return false;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Log.i("w", v+" OnClick");
}
}
让我们看一下打印出来的Log(PS:0为DOWN,1为UP)
例子1:当触摸事件是在TestLinearLayout内,TestButton内
消息 |
---|
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=0 |
TestLinearLayout onInterceptTouchEvent-- action=0 |
TestButton dispatchTouchEvent-- action=0 |
TestButton onTouch-- action=0 |
TestButton onTouchEvent-- action=0 |
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=1 |
TestLinearLayout onInterceptTouchEvent-- action=1 |
TestButton dispatchTouchEvent-- action=1 |
TestButton onTouch-- action=1 |
TestButton onTouchEvent-- action=1 |
TestButton onClick |
我们可以看出子View所得到的事件都是由父View派发所得的。整一个大概流程为:
- 执行TestLinearLayout的DispatchTouchEvent
- 执行TestLinearLayout的onIntercepTouchEvent
- 执行TestButton的disPatchToucheEvent
- 接下去的分发流程与上一文章一致
例子2:当触摸事件在TestLinearLayout内,TestButton外
消息 |
---|
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=0 |
TestLinearLayout onInterceptTouchEvent-- action=0 |
TestLinearLayout onTouch-- action=0 |
TestLinearLayout onTouchEvent-- action=0 |
TestLinearLayout dispatchTouchEvent-- action=1 |
TestLinearLayout onTouch-- action=1 |
TestLinearLayout onTouchEvent-- action=1 |
TestLinearLayout onClick |
以上可以看到,没有TestButton什么事情了~分发的流程基本与上面一致。有一处地方有点奇怪,就是当action=1(ACTION_UP)时,竟然没有onInterceptTouchEvent。
ViewGroup和View既有些相似又很大的差异。View是所有视图的最小单位,而ViewGroup一般内部都包含着多个View。具体他们有啥区别呢?接下去我们来分析分析。
源码解读:
Step1 ViewGroup
从上面的Log,我们可以看出ViewGroup事件分发先触发的是dispatchTouchEvent方法(此方法重写了View的方法)。此方法代码较多,代码会尽量注释,请耐心阅读。
阅读前的小准备:
- mFirstTouchTarget:判断ViewGroup是否已经找到可以传递事件的目标组件
- newTouchTarget:新的目标组件
- intercepted:标记ViewGroup是否拦截Touch事件的传递
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
...
boolean handled = false;
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
final int action = ev.getAction();//获取当前的分发事件
final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
//【Part01】处理初始化按下操作
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
//重置一切的点击状态
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
resetTouchState();
}
//【Part02】检查是否要拦截
final boolean intercepted;
//只要事件为Down,或无传递的目标组件
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
//是否不允许拦截(此变量可设置,默认为false)
if (!disallowIntercept) {
//☆重要的☆
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
intercepted = true;
}
...
//【Part03】检查取消操作,默认为false
final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;
//如果需要,更新目标视图列表
final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;//
boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
//【Part04】子View的扫描
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
...
//获取子View的数量
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
//当无传递的目标组件,且子View数量不为0
if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
//获取当前子View的X,Y
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
//从头到尾扫描,找到一个可以接受事件分发的子View,
final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildOrderedChildList();
final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
&& isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
final View[] children = mChildren;
//for循环扫描
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final int childIndex = customOrder
? getChildDrawingOrder(childrenCount, i) : i;
final View child = (preorderedList == null)
? children[childIndex] : preorderedList.get(childIndex);
...
//判断子View是否为VISIBLE,且判断触摸事件是否落在当前子View
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
continue;
}
//获取新的传递控件
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
//☆重要的☆ 【文章下面会分析】
//触发子视图的普通分发事件或者本身的普通分发事件
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
...
//☆重要的☆ 增加新的传递控件 【文章下面会分析】
//给mFirstTouchTarget赋值
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
}
if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
}
//如果没找到子View可以传递事件,则将指针分配给最近添加的对象
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}
//part05 分发事件给传递对象
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
//因无传递对象,所以直接调用自身的普通传递事件
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
|| intercepted;
//分发事件到指定的传递对象
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
handled = true;
}
if (cancelChild) {
if (predecessor == null) {
mFirstTouchTarget = next;
} else {
predecessor.next = next;
}
target.recycle();
target = next;
continue;
}
}
predecessor = target;
target = next;
}
}
//part06 刷新传递对象状态
if (canceled
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
resetTouchState();
} else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
}
}
...
return handled;
}
Part01 处理初始化按下操作
当我们每次按下(ACTION_DOWN)的时候会有初始化操作:cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev),resetTouchState()里面有比较重要的操作:将mFirstTouchTarget初始化为null
Part02 检查是否要拦截
在 if(actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN|| mFirstTouchTarget != null)的判断下,只要事件为ACTION_DOWN或者传递事件不为空,就可以进入下一个执行体,否则intercepted = true;在下一个执行体中我们调用onInterceptTouchEvent并返回值给intercepted。
让我们看一下onInterceptTouchEvent里写了什么:
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
return false;
}
默认返回返回false,也就是intercepted = false;
Part03 检查取消操作,默认为false
通过标记和action检查cancel,然后将结果赋值给局部boolean变量canceled。
Part04 子View的扫描
1.当前触摸事件的x,y,通过for循环扫描每个子View,判断子View是否为VISIBLE和x,y是否落在当前子View上,不是的话跳过此循环,换下一个子View。
2.通过getTouchTarget(child);尝试获取newTouchTarget
//为指定的子View获取触摸对象,如果没发现返回空
private TouchTarget getTouchTarget(@NonNull View child) {
for (TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget; target != null; target = target.next) {
//判断当前target所对应的view是否与传入的View相同
if (target.child == child) {
return target;
}
}
return null;
}
3.接着调用方法dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)将触摸事件传递给特定的子View!!!此方法重点在于第三个参数,如果传子View,内部会调用子View的dispatchTouchEvent进行子View的普通触摸事件分发并返回参数,而传入null时,会调用父类的super.dispatchTouchEvent进行父View的普通触摸事件分发并返回参数。
在这种情况下,如果dispatchTransformedTouchEvent为false,即子View没有消费。为ture,表明子View消费了。
4.当子View消费事件时,通过addTouchTarget给newTouchTarget赋值,给alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget赋值为true。
//给mFirstTouchTarget赋值!!!
private TouchTarget addTouchTarget(@NonNull View child, int pointerIdBits) {
final TouchTarget target = TouchTarget.obtain(child, pointerIdBits);
target.next = mFirstTouchTarget;
mFirstTouchTarget = target;
return target;
}
到这里我们可以稍微总结一下:dispatchTransformedTouchEvent的返回值
return | description | mFirstTouchTarget |
---|---|---|
ture | 事件被消费(子View或自身) | 赋值 |
false | 事件未消费(子View或自身) | null |
5.接下来if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) 该if表示经过前面的for循环没有找到子View接收Touch事件并且之前的mFirstTouchTarget不为空则为真,然后newTouchTarget指向了最初的TouchTarget。
Part05 分发事件给传递对象
经过上面的流程后,接着if (mFirstTouchTarget == null)判断
mFirstTouchTarget为空时,表明触摸事件未被消费,即触摸事件被拦截或找不到目标子View。此时调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS)内部在调用super.dispatchTouchEvent进行父View的普通触摸事件分发
mFirstTouchTarget不为null,依然是递归调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()方法来实现的处理。
part06 刷新传递对象状态
当触摸事件为ACTION_UP或ACTION_HOVER_MOVE时刷新传递对象的状态,mFirstTouchTarget = null;将mFirstTouchTarget置空等操作
Step2 ViewGroup
以上dispatchTouchEvent分析完毕,此外我们这里在分析下上面经常用到的一个方法dispatchTransformedTouchEvent()
private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
//由于重复代码较多,直接提取精简代码
final boolean handled;
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);//父类的普通事件分发
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);//子类的普通事件分发
}
return handled;
}
这个方法是ViewGroup独特于View的一个方法。我们上面的分析也大概讲了一下这个方法:第三个参数有无对象,直接影到了内部的调用【child -> view.dispatchTouchEvent】【null -> super.dispatchTouchEvent】
总结 Summary
- Android事件派发是先传递到最顶级的ViewGroup,再由ViewGroup递归传递到View的。
- 在ViewGroup中可以通过onInterceptTouchEvent方法对事件传递进行拦截,onInterceptTouchEvent方法返回true代表拦截不向子View传递,返回false代表不对事件进行拦截。默认返回false。
- 子View中如果将传递的事件消费掉,ViewGroup中将无法接收到任何事件。
PS:本文
整理
自以下文章,若有发现问题请致邮 caoyanglee92@gmail.com
工匠若水 Android触摸屏事件派发机制详解与源码分析二(ViewGroup篇)
Hongyang Android ViewGroup事件分发机制