Climate change has brought a serious warning to the living areas of the Siberian crane, increasing the need to better protect the birds and their migratory channels, an expert said.
一位专家说，气候变化给西伯利亚鹤的生活区带来了严重的威胁，增加了更好地保护鸟类及其迁徙通道的必要性。
The Siberian crane breeds in northeast Siberia in Russia and flies to Poyang Lake for the winter in East China’s Jiangxi Province. About 95 percent of the birds spend the season in Poyang.
西伯利亚鹤在俄罗斯西伯利亚东北部繁殖，飞往中国东部江西省的鄱阳湖过冬。大约95%的鸟类在鄱阳湖度过这个季节。
Qian Fawen, a research professor from the National Bird Banding Center of China, said that Poyang’s water levels decide whether it is suitable for the birds to live there. However, climate change has made the levels change often. “In some years, the lake experiences floods; in others, it experiences droughts. Both of these situations create food shortages in the cranes’ living area,” he said.
中国国家鸟类保护中心的研究教授钱法文说，鄱阳湖的水位决定了鸟类是否适合在那里生活。然而，气候变化使水位经常发生变化。他说：“在某些年份，该湖会遭遇洪水；在另一些年份，会遭遇干旱。这两种情况都会导致鹤类生活区的粮食短缺”。
The Siberian crane is listed as seriously endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. “We need to protect their living area, which is mainly wetland, so that we can protect them,” Qian said.
西伯利亚鹤在国际自然保护联盟红色名录中被列为严重濒危物种。钱说：“我们需要保护它们的生活区，主要是湿地，这样我们才能保护它们。”。
In the recently announced National Action Plan for the Protection of Bird Migration Channels (2021-35), 1, 140 places in China were considered as important breeding grounds, wintering grounds and staying stops, including Poyang and the Yellow River wetland in Ningxia. The plan said that the government should watch and count the number of migratory birds and pay farmers for losses caused by the birds.
在最近公布的《国家鸟类迁徙通道保护行动计划（2021-35年）》中，中国有1140个地方被视为重要的繁殖地、越冬地和停留地，包括鄱阳湖和宁夏的黄河湿地。该计划称，政府应观察和统计候鸟的数量，并向农民支付候鸟造成的损失。
Since China joined the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in 1992, it has designated 202,600 hectares of wetland as Wetlands of International Importance. They store and clean water, keep all kinds of living things, help store floods and prevent droughts. According to a plan announced by the central government in October, by 2025, China will have protected 55 percent of its wetlands.
自1992年中国加入《拉姆萨尔湿地公约》以来，已经指定了202600公顷湿地为具有国际重要性的湿地。它们储存和清洁水，保存各种生物，帮助储存洪水和防止干旱。根据中央政府10月宣布的一项计划，到2025年，中国将保护55%的湿地。
After the Wetlands Protection Law, the nation’s first law to protect wetlands, was introduced on June 1, 2022, complete protection was strengthened. The law clearly explained what the government should do and introduced strict punishment for people who destroy wetland areas. It limits building at important national wetlands and it doesn’t allow harmful activities, including using them as farmlands, leaving wastewater everywhere, harvesting and fishing too much.
2022年6月1日，全国首部保护湿地的法律《湿地保护法》出台后，全面保护得到加强。该法律明确解释了政府应该做什么，并对破坏湿地地区的人实行了严格的惩罚。它限制了重要的国家湿地的建设，不允许有害活动，包括将其用作农田，随意倾倒废水，过度收割和捕鱼。
Key nature reserve management offices in China have reported more birds wintering in the nation’s wetlands, including some new rare kinds.
中国主要自然保护区管理办公室报告称，有更多的鸟类在中国湿地越冬，其中包括一些新的稀有物种。
