1.练习材料
Lesson 38 The first calendar
Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times. They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates. What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word. Films, videos, CDs and CD-ROMS are just some of the bewildering amount of information they will have. They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action. But the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task. He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available. Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man.Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons. Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.
2.任务配置:L0
3.知识笔记
(1)查音标
/ˈlɛsn/ 38 /ðə/ /fɜːst/ /ˈkælɪndə/
/ˈfjuːʧə/ /hɪsˈtɔːrɪənz/ /wɪl/ /biː/ /ɪn/ /ə/ /juːˈniːk/ /pəˈzɪʃən/ /wɛn/ /ðeɪ/ /kʌm/ /tuː/ /ˈrɛkɔːd/ /ðə/ /ˈhɪstəri/ /ɒv/ /ˈaʊər/ /əʊn/ /taɪmz/. /ðeɪ/ /wɪl/ /ˈhɑːdli/ /nəʊ/ /wɪʧ/ /fækts/ /tuː/ /sɪˈlɛkt/ /frɒm/ /ðə/ /greɪt/ /mæs/ /ɒv/ /ˈɛvɪdəns/ /ðæt/ /ˈstɛdɪli/ /əˈkjuːmjʊleɪts/. /wɒt/ /ɪz/ /mɔː/, /ðeɪ/ /wɪl/ /nɒt/ /hæv/ /tuː/ /rɪˈlaɪ/ /ˈsəʊlli/ /ɒn/ /ðə/ /ˈrɪtn/ /wɜːd/. /fɪlmz/, /ˈvɪdɪəʊz/, /siː-diːz/ /ænd/ /siː/-/diː/-/rɒmz/ /ɑː/ /ʤʌst/ /sʌm/ /ɒv/ /ðə/ /bɪˈwɪldərɪŋ/ /əˈmaʊnt/ /ɒv/ /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/ /ðeɪ/ /wɪl/ /hæv/. /ðeɪ/ /wɪl/ /biː/ /ˈeɪbl/, /æz/ /ɪt/ /wɜː/, /tuː/ /siː/ /ænd/ /hɪər/ /ʌs/ /ɪn/ /ˈækʃ(ə)n/. /bʌt/ /ðə/ /hɪsˈtɔːrɪən/ /əˈtɛmptɪŋ/ /tuː/ /ˌriːkənsˈtrʌkt/ /ðə/ /ˈdɪstənt/ /pɑːst/ /ɪz/ /ˈɔːlweɪz/ /feɪst/ /wɪð/ /ə/ /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ /tɑːsk/. /hiː/ /hæz/ /tuː/ /dɪˈdjuːs/ /wɒt/ /hiː/ /kæn/ /frɒm/ /ðə/ /fjuː/ /ˈskænti/ /kluːz/ /əˈveɪləbl/. /ˈiːvən/ /ˈsiːmɪŋli/ /ˌɪnsɪgˈnɪfɪkənt/ /rɪˈmeɪnz/ /kæn/ /ʃɛd/ /ˈɪntrɪstɪŋ/ /laɪt/ /ɒn/ /ðə/ /ˈhɪstəri/ /ɒv/ /ˈɜːli/ /mæn/./ʌp/ /tuː/ /naʊ/, /hɪsˈtɔːrɪənz/ /hæv/ /əˈsjuːmd/ /ðæt/ /ˈkælɪndəz/ /keɪm/ /ˈɪntuː/ /ˈbiːɪŋ/ /wɪð/ /ði/ /ˈædvənt/ /ɒv/ /ˈægrɪkʌlʧə/, /fɔː/ /ðɛn/ /mæn/ /wɒz/ /feɪst/ /wɪð/ /ə/ /rɪəl/ /niːd/ /tuː/ /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ /əˈbaʊt/ /ðə/ /ˈsiːznz/. /ˈriːsnt/ /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ /ˈɛvɪdəns/ /siːmz/ /tuː/ /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ /ðæt/ /ðɪs/ /əˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n/ /ɪz/ /ˌɪnkəˈrɛkt/.
(2) 学单词
1) calendar /ˈkælɪndə/ n. 日历
2) historian /hɪsˈtɔːrɪən/ n. 历史学家
3) unique /juːˈniːk/ a. 唯一的,仅有的
4) steadily /ˈstɛdɪli/ adv. 不断地
5) solely /ˈsəʊlli/ adv. 仅仅
6) video /ˈvɪdɪəʊ/ n. 录像
7) CD-ROM /siː-diː-rɒm/ n. (只读) 光盘驱动器
8) bewilder /bɪˈwɪldə/ v. 使迷惑
9) deduce /dɪˈdjuːs/ v. 推断,推理
10) scanty /ˈskænti/ adj. 不足的,贫乏的
11) clue /kluː/ n. 线索
12) insignificant /ˌɪnsɪgˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj. 不重要的
13) shed /ʃɛd/ v. 使流出
14) advent /ˈædvənt/ n. 出现,到来,来临
15) agriculture /ˈægrɪkʌlʧə/ n. 农业
16) assumption /əˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n// n. 假定,设想
17) dot /dɒt/ n. 小圆点
18) symbol /ˈsɪmbəl/ n. 符号
19) engrave /ɪnˈgreɪv/ v. 雕刻
20) ivory /ˈaɪvəri/ n. 象牙制品
21) mammoth /ˈmæməθ/ n. 长毛象
22) tusk /tʌsk/ n. 獠牙,长牙,象牙
23) nomad /ˈnəʊməd/ n. 游牧民
24) correlate /ˈkɒrɪleɪt/ v. 使相互联系
25) phase /feɪz/ n. 天相
26) primitive /ˈprɪmɪtɪv/ a. 原始的
27) depict /dɪˈpɪkt/ v. 描画,绘画