New ways to make food are coming — but will consumers bite?
生产食物的新方法正在兴起——但是消费者会买账吗？
Technologies are emerging that promise to produce food in new ways, in large volumes with less inhumane factory farming and a lower environmental footprint.*** These range from bioreactors that grow meat to indoor "vertical" farms and new ways of producing fish.
新兴技术让用新方法生产食物成为可能——进行大规模生产的同时，减少不人道的工厂化养殖和环境足迹。这些技术包括生产人造肉的生物反应器、室内的“垂直”农场以及新的鱼肉生产方法。
Such techniques could make a huge difference. Three-quarters of agricultural land is used for livestock, for example, so it is easy to see how steaks made from plant-based protein, or grown in vats from cells, could greatly reduce factory farming and land and water use, and produce fewer emissions.***
这类技术可以带来巨大变革。例如，畜牧业占据了四分之三的农业用地，因此显而易见的是，由植物性蛋白制成或者“种植”在大缸里、用细胞培养的肉排可能会很大程度上减少工厂化养殖、用地和用水，并且产生更少的排放。
Just because it is possible to make food in new ways does not mean people will be willing to eat it, however. Conservatism and scepticism are common reactions to new foodstuffs and production processes. Today, many European countries ban the cultivation and sale of genetically modified crops, even though they are widely grown and eaten elsewhere.
然而，可以用新方法制造食物并不意味着人们愿意吃它。保守主义和怀疑主义是对待新型食品和生产工艺的常见反应。如今，许多欧洲国家禁止种植和销售转基因作物，尽管它们在其他地方被广泛种植和食用。
At the same time as novel foods are shunned, traditional foods and farming lore are venerated. In California the fanciest restaurants aspire to recreate the humble diet of the Tuscan peasant. Many Western consumers are willing to pay extra for food produced by organic farming, in effect a historical re-enactment of pre-20th-century agriculture, because it avoids "chemicals".***
新型食品不受待见的同时，老派的食品和农业知识却受到推崇。在（美国）加州，最高端的餐厅渴望重现托斯卡纳农民的简单饮食。许多西方消费者愿意花更多钱购买有机农场生产的食品，因为里面没有使用“化学品”。实际上，有机农业只是 20 世纪前农业世界的历史再现。
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A wholesale reimagining of the food system is needed. But that will be possible only if both consumers and regulators are prepared to be more daring about what to eat for dinner.
食物系统需要一个重大变革。不过，只有当消费者和监管者都准备好，用更大胆的态度对待正餐吃什么时，这个变革才可能发生。
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主编：Pita、迎迎、Dobby
品控：Pita
审核：啾笛
重点词汇
bite
/baɪt/
v. 相信，接受；咬
英文释义：to believe what someone tells you or to buy something they are selling
例句：The new camera was withdrawn after consumers failed to bite.
emerge
/ɪˈmɝːdʒ/
v. 出现，兴起
搭配短语：an emerging industry
promise
/ˈprɑː.mɪs/
v. 有可能；答应
例句：She promised to do all she can to help.（答应）
例句：Tomorrow's meeting promises to be a difficult one.（有可能）
inhumane
/ˌɪn.hjuːˈmeɪn/
adj. 不人道的，残忍的
相关词汇：human（n. 人类）
相关词汇：humane（adj. 人道的，仁慈的）
livestock
/ˈlaɪv.stɑːk/
n. 家畜
emission
/iˈmɪʃ.ən/
n. 排放
搭配短语：carbon dioxide emissions
相关词汇：emit（v. 排放）
搭配短语：to emit carbon dioxide
conservatism
/kənˈsɝː.və.tɪ.zəm/
n. 保守主义
词根词缀：-ism（主义或学说）
相关词汇：conserve（v. 保护，保存）
搭配短语：to conserve woodlands
scepticism
/ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/
n. 怀疑主义
词根词缀：-ism（主义或学说）
同义词：skepticism（美式英语拼写）
相关词汇：sceptical / skeptical（adj. 怀疑的，不相信的）
例句：I'm sceptical / skeptical about what I read in the press.
foodstuff
/ˈfuːd.stʌf/
n. 食品
cultivation
/ˌkʌl.təˈveɪ.ʃən/
n. 种植
相关词汇：cultivate（v. 种植；培养）
搭配短语：to cultivate watermelons（种植）
搭配短语：to cultivate a positive mental attitude（培养）
modify
/ˈmɑː.də.faɪ/
v.（略微）改进，修改
英文释义：to make small changes to something in order to improve it
例句：The feedback will be used to modify the course.
shun
/ʃʌn/
v. 嫌弃，厌恶
英文释义：to deliberately avoid someone or something
例句：He has always shunned publicity.
lore
/lɔːr/
n.（没有书面记载的）知识
英文释义：knowledge or information about a subject that is not written down but is passed from person to person
venerate
/ˈven.ɚ.eɪt/
v. 尊敬，敬仰
例句：These children are venerated as holy beings.
aspire
/əˈspaɪər/
v. 向往，渴望
搭配短语：aspire to
例句：Other people will aspire to be like you.
in effect
实际上
同义短语：in fact
re-enactment
/ˌriː.ɪˈnækt.mənt/
n. 重现
相关词汇：enact
例句：She often enacted the stories told to her by her father.
相关词汇：act（v. 扮演）
例句：He acted the role of the dragon.
相关词汇：enactment（n. 演绎）
词根词缀：re-（再次）
wholesale
/ˈhoʊl.seɪl/
adj. 大规模的；批发的
搭配短语：wholesale prices（批发价）
daring
/ˈder.ɪŋ/
adj. 大胆的，敢于冒险的
相关词汇：dare（v. 敢）
例句：He didn't dare to say what he thought.
