A large international study has found that ten risk factorsaccount for 90 percent of all the risk of stroke.Of that list, five risk factors usually related to lifestyle are responsible for a full 80 percent of stroke risk. According to the researchers these risk factors - high blood pressure,smoking,abdominal obesity, diet and physical activity - are modifiable and can be controlled.
stroke 英[strəʊk]美[stroʊk] n.中风; (打、击等的)一下; 击球(动作); 一击; 划水动作; 划桨动作; 游泳姿势; 尾桨手; 轻抚; 一笔; （成功的）举动; 钟声; vt.轻抚(动物的毛皮); 抚摩(物体表面或头发等); 轻挪; 轻触; 轻拭; 待（某人）非常好;
abdominal obesity 腹部肥胖
abdominal 英[æbˈdɒmɪnl]美[æbˈdɑːmɪnl] adj.腹部的; n.腹肌;
obesity 英[əʊˈbiːsɪti]美[oʊˈbisəti] n.（过度）肥胖; <医>肥胖（症）;
modifiable 英[ˈmɒdɪfaɪəbl]美[ˈmɑdəˌfaɪəbl] adj.可变更的；可修改的；可缓和的;
The findings come from a study of 3,000 people who had had strokes and an equal number of healthy individuals with no history of stroke. The study also includes a brain scan of all participating stroke survivors, according to the researchers.
这一发现来自对3000名中风患者和同等数量的无中风病史的健康人的研究。研究人员称，这项研究还包括对所有中风幸存者的脑部扫描
equal 英[ˈiːkwəl]美[ˈiːkwəl] adj.(在大小、数量、价值、程度、能力等方面)相等的, 同样的; 平等的; 平均的，势均力敌的; 胜任的，合适的; v.(在质量、数量、价值等方面)跟…相同; 比得上，敌得过;
individual 英[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl]美[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl] n.个人; 与众不同的人; 有个性的人; 某种类型的人; (尤指)古怪的人; adj.个别的; 单独的; 一个人的; 供一人用的; 独特的; 与众不同的;
participate 英[pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt]美[pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt] vi.参加; 参与;
survivor 英[səˈvaɪvə(r)]美[sərˈvaɪvər] n.幸存者; 生还者; 挺过困难者;
Across the board, high blood pressure was the most important factor,accounting for one-third of all stroke risk.Blood pressure, it was noted, plays a major role in both forms of stroke: ischemic,the most common form(caused by blockage of a brain blood vessel), and hemorrhagic or bleeding stroke, in which a blood vessel in the brain bursts.
总之，高血压是最重要的因素，占所有中风风险的三分之一。人们注意到，血压在两种类型的中风中都起着主要作用：最常见的形式是缺血性中风（由脑血管堵塞引起），以及出血性中风或出血性中风，其中脑血管破裂。
ischemic adj.局部缺血的;
blockage 英[ˈblɒkɪdʒ]美[ˈblɑːkɪdʒ] n.造成阻塞的东西; 阻塞物; 堵塞; 阻塞;
brain blood vessel 脑血管
hemorrhagic 英[ˌheməˈrædʒɪk]美[ˌheməˈrædʒɪk] adj.出血（性）的;
burst 英[bɜːst]美[bɜːrst] v.爆发; (使)爆裂，胀开; 猛冲; 突然出现; 爆满; 涨满; n.突发; 爆裂; 迸发; 爆破; 猝发; 裂口; 一阵短促的射击;
Blood pressure is easily measured, and there are lots of treatments. Lifestyle modifications to control it include increasing physical activity and reducing salt in take.The other lifestyle risk factors are modifiable as well.High intake of fish and fruits, for example, is associated with a lower risk of stroke.
modification 英[ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn]美[ˌmɑːdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn] n.修改; 改进; 改变;
intake 英[ˈɪnteɪk]美[ˈɪnteɪk] n.摄入; (食物、饮料等的)摄取量，吸入量; (一定时期内)纳入的人数; (机器上的液体、空气等的)进口; 吸收;
be associated with 与…有关
associate 英[əˈsəʊsieɪt , əˈsəʊsiət] 美[əˈsoʊsieɪt , əˈsoʊsiət] v.联合; 联想; 联系; 交往; (尤指)混在一起; 表明支持; 表示同意; adj.非正式的; 准的; 副的; 联合的; 有关联的; n.伙伴; 同事; 合伙人; 准学士(获得两年制高校学位);
Many of the same risk factors have been reported in other studies,but this is the first stroke risk study to include both low-and middle-income participants in developing countries.The study confirms that high blood pressure is the leading cause of stroke in both developing and developed countries.This highlights the need for health authorities in those countries to develop strategies to reduce high blood pressure, salt in take and other risk factors.
其他研究中也报道了许多相同的风险因素，但这是第一项同时包括发展中国家中低收入参与者的中风风险研究。研究证实，高血压是发展中国家和发达国家中风的主要原因。这突出表明，这些国家的卫生当局需要制定减少高血压、摄入盐和其他危险因素的战略。
participant 英[pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt]美[pɑːrˈtɪsɪpənt] n.参与者; 参加者; adj.参加的;
authority 英[ɔːˈθɒrəti]美[əˈθɔːrəti] n.权威; 权力; 权; 授权; 职权; 威权; 当权(地位); 批准; 当局; 专家;
strategy 英[ˈstrætədʒi]美[ˈstrætədʒi] n.策略; 计策; 行动计划; 策划; 规划; 部署; 统筹安排; 战略; 战略部署;
