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How do bats live with so many viruses?

If previous outbreaks of coronavirus are any indication信号信息, the Wuhan strain种类 that is now spreading may eventually be traced back to bats.

One bat can host many different viruses携带病毒 without getting sick. They are thought to be the natural reservoir天然宿主  Reservoir水库大量储备for the Ebola and many other  Viruses.

host宿主，intermediate host中间宿主，natural host自然宿主

Learning how they carry and survive so many viruses has been a deep question for science. In a 2018 paper, scientists reported their investigation of how bats handle应对 something called DNA sensing. The energy demands of flighting are so great that cells in the body break down and release bits of DNA that are then floating around where they shouldn't be.

Mammal哺乳动物, including bats, have ways to identify and respond to such bits of DNA, which might indicate an invasion of a disease-causing organism. But in bats, they found， evolution has weakened that system, which would normally cause inflammation炎症 as it fought the viruses.

Bats have lost some genes involved in that response, which makes sense合理说得过去 because the inflammation itself can be very damaging to the body. They have a  Weakend response  but it is still here. Thus, the researchers write this weakend response may allow them to maintain a balanced state balanced state of effective response, but not over response against viruses.