Day247|伦理学问题:阿苏激怒阿色并让其给出定义

上句见:Day246
The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第4节IV. The Ethical Problem第3段第1句:

Socrates is not frightened; he continues to ask rather than answer; and after a minute of parry and thrust he provokes the unwary Thrasymachus to commit himself to a definition:
"Listen, then," says the angry Sophist, "I proclaim that might is right, and just is the interest of the stronger…. The different forms of government make laws, democratic, aristocratic, or autocratic, with a view to their respective interests; and these laws, so made by them to serve their interests, they deliver to their subjects a 'justice', and punish as 'unjust' anyone who transgresses them…. I am speaking of injustice on a large scale; and my meaning will be most clearly seen in autocracy, which by fraud and force takes away the property of others, not retail but wholesale. Now when a man has taken away the money of the citizens and made slaves of them, then, instead of swindler and thief he is called happy and blessed by all. For injustice is censured because those who censure it are afraid of suffering, and not from any scruple they might have of doing injustice themselves"(3338-44).
浙江大学译本:苏格拉底并未畏缩,他继续问而不答。在一阵唇枪舌剑之后,他终于让不甚谨慎的塞拉西马柯给出了自己的定义:

解析

这句继续写正义之论战。阿苏的一如继往问而不答,激怒了阿色,阿色给出了有关正义的定义。
1、Socrates is not frightened;
不畏惧:苏格拉底并未畏缩。

2、he continues to ask rather than answer;
继续:他继续问而不答;

3、and after a minute of parry and thrust he provokes the unwary Thrasymachus to commit himself to a definition:
激怒:在一番唇枪舌剑之后,他激怒了不甚谨慎的色拉叙马霍斯,色拉叙马霍斯给出了定义。
parry: an act of stopping or warding off a weapon, threat, etc., esp. with a countermove推挡;回避
它起源于16世纪的法语“parer”(挡开、避开),主要用于击剑等场合,表示用武器撑开对方的攻击
Paul directed a parry downward, turned, saw Halleck's rapier catch against the table's edge.保罗向下挡了一下,转身,就看见哈勒克的长剑卡在了桌子边。《沙丘》
thrust: a forward or upward push刺,塞
它来自古英语“thrystan”或“thrustan”(推、挤、逼迫),。
Two of the knife trusts were fatal.有两处刀伤是致命的。
parry and thrust:更常见的是“thrust and parry”,形象描绘了双方剑手进攻(刺)和防守(挡)的动作,也被引申为“唇枪舌剑;激烈交锋”来形容双方在辩论、谈判、外交等场合你来我往、互相攻击和防御的状态。
provoke: to cause (a person or animal to become angry, violent, etc.挑衅,激怒,
We will, instead, provoke you to uncover all you do not know before you leave.相反,我们会在四年时光里激发你发现自己未知的事物。《名高校开学演讲》
unwary:easily fooled or surprised, not aware of and careful about possible problems, dangers, etc.不甚谨慎的,不警惕的
“wary”来自古英语“warian”,意思是“谨慎的、警惕的”,和古高地德语“waren”(守护、保卫)以及原始日耳曼语“*warōjaną”(注意、警惕)有关。
An unwary statistician might conclude that Indian prices have dropped dramatically.一个不太谨慎的统计学家可能会得出印度物价已急速下降。《经济学人》
commit oneself to: to say that (someone or something) will definitely do something承诺,保证做
He had come dangerously near to Seward's radicalism in his "house-divided-against-itself" speech but he had never committed himself to the reckless doctrine that there was a "higher law" than the Constitution.在他那篇“分裂之家”的演讲中,他已经危险地接近了西沃德的激进主义,但他从未认同那种认为存在一种高于宪法的“更高法律”的鲁莽论调。《美国历史》

苏格拉底并未畏缩,他继续问而不答。经过了一番唇枪舌剑后,他激怒了不甚谨慎的色拉叙马霍斯,色拉叙马霍斯给出了定义。

©著作权归作者所有,转载或内容合作请联系作者
  • 序言:七十年代末,一起剥皮案震惊了整个滨河市,随后出现的几起案子,更是在滨河造成了极大的恐慌,老刑警刘岩,带你破解...
    沈念sama阅读 214,377评论 6 496
  • 序言:滨河连续发生了三起死亡事件,死亡现场离奇诡异,居然都是意外死亡,警方通过查阅死者的电脑和手机,发现死者居然都...
    沈念sama阅读 91,390评论 3 389
  • 文/潘晓璐 我一进店门,熙熙楼的掌柜王于贵愁眉苦脸地迎上来,“玉大人,你说我怎么就摊上这事。” “怎么了?”我有些...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 159,967评论 0 349
  • 文/不坏的土叔 我叫张陵,是天一观的道长。 经常有香客问我,道长,这世上最难降的妖魔是什么? 我笑而不...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 57,344评论 1 288
  • 正文 为了忘掉前任,我火速办了婚礼,结果婚礼上,老公的妹妹穿的比我还像新娘。我一直安慰自己,他们只是感情好,可当我...
    茶点故事阅读 66,441评论 6 386
  • 文/花漫 我一把揭开白布。 她就那样静静地躺着,像睡着了一般。 火红的嫁衣衬着肌肤如雪。 梳的纹丝不乱的头发上,一...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 50,492评论 1 292
  • 那天,我揣着相机与录音,去河边找鬼。 笑死,一个胖子当着我的面吹牛,可吹牛的内容都是我干的。 我是一名探鬼主播,决...
    沈念sama阅读 39,497评论 3 412
  • 文/苍兰香墨 我猛地睁开眼,长吁一口气:“原来是场噩梦啊……” “哼!你这毒妇竟也来了?” 一声冷哼从身侧响起,我...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 38,274评论 0 269
  • 序言:老挝万荣一对情侣失踪,失踪者是张志新(化名)和其女友刘颖,没想到半个月后,有当地人在树林里发现了一具尸体,经...
    沈念sama阅读 44,732评论 1 307
  • 正文 独居荒郊野岭守林人离奇死亡,尸身上长有42处带血的脓包…… 初始之章·张勋 以下内容为张勋视角 年9月15日...
    茶点故事阅读 37,008评论 2 328
  • 正文 我和宋清朗相恋三年,在试婚纱的时候发现自己被绿了。 大学时的朋友给我发了我未婚夫和他白月光在一起吃饭的照片。...
    茶点故事阅读 39,184评论 1 342
  • 序言:一个原本活蹦乱跳的男人离奇死亡,死状恐怖,灵堂内的尸体忽然破棺而出,到底是诈尸还是另有隐情,我是刑警宁泽,带...
    沈念sama阅读 34,837评论 4 337
  • 正文 年R本政府宣布,位于F岛的核电站,受9级特大地震影响,放射性物质发生泄漏。R本人自食恶果不足惜,却给世界环境...
    茶点故事阅读 40,520评论 3 322
  • 文/蒙蒙 一、第九天 我趴在偏房一处隐蔽的房顶上张望。 院中可真热闹,春花似锦、人声如沸。这庄子的主人今日做“春日...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 31,156评论 0 21
  • 文/苍兰香墨 我抬头看了看天上的太阳。三九已至,却和暖如春,着一层夹袄步出监牢的瞬间,已是汗流浃背。 一阵脚步声响...
    开封第一讲书人阅读 32,407评论 1 268
  • 我被黑心中介骗来泰国打工, 没想到刚下飞机就差点儿被人妖公主榨干…… 1. 我叫王不留,地道东北人。 一个月前我还...
    沈念sama阅读 47,056评论 2 365
  • 正文 我出身青楼,却偏偏与公主长得像,于是被迫代替她去往敌国和亲。 传闻我的和亲对象是个残疾皇子,可洞房花烛夜当晚...
    茶点故事阅读 44,074评论 2 352

推荐阅读更多精彩内容