上句见:Day255
The Story of Philosophy《哲学的故事》第1章Plato第4节IV. The Ethical Problem第4段第4句:
This, of course, is the doctrine which our own day more or less correctly associates with the name of Nietzsche. "Verily I laughed many a time over the weaklings who thought themselves good because they had lame paws." Stirner expressed the idea briefly when he said that "a handful of might is better than a bagful of right." Perhaps nowhere in the history of philosophy is the doctrine better formulated than by Plato himself in another dialogue, Gorgias (483 f), where the Sophist Calicoes denounces morality as an invention of the weak to neutralize the strength of the strong.
They distribute praise and censure with a view to their own interests; they say that dishonesty is shameful and unjust — meaning by dishonesty the desire to have more than their neighbors; for knowing their own inferiority, they would be only too glad to have equality…. But if there were a man who had sufficient force [enter the Superman], he would shake off and break through and escape from all this; he would trample under foot all our formulas and spells and charms, and our laws, that sin against nature…. He who would truly live ought to allow his desires to wax to the uttermost; but when they have grown to their greatest he should have courage and intelligence to minister to them, and to satisfy all his longings. And this I affirm to be natural justice and nobility. But the many cannot do this; and therefore they blame such persons, because they are ashamed of their own inability, which they desire to conceal; and hence they call intemperance base…. They enslave the nobler natures, and they praise justice only because they are cowards.
浙江大学译本:对此,或许哲学史上再没有比柏拉图在另一篇对话《高尔吉亚篇》(第483节以下)中的表述更清晰明确的了。篇中智者卡里克利斯 ③谴责道德是弱者用以中和、限制强者能力的发明。
解析
这句讲了柏拉图自身也有更直白的表达。他都是借智者Calicoes之口。
1、Perhaps nowhere in the history of philosophy is the doctrine better formulated than by Plato himself in another dialogue, Gorgias (483 f),
在哲学史上,也许再没有比柏拉图本人在另一篇对话《高尔吉亚篇》(438节以后)中对这一学说阐述得更好了。
formulate: to create, invent, or produce (something) by careful thought and effort明确表达,系统阐述
So let me formulate the problem of suffering more acutely. 让我更直白些阐述一下痛苦的问题。
2、where the Sophist Calicoes denounces morality as an invention of the weak to neutralize the strength of the strong.
《高尔吉亚》:在该篇中,智者卡利克勒斯谴责道德是弱者的发明,是为了制衡强者的力量。
neutralize: to stop (someone or something) from being effective or harmful使无效;使无法正常工作
At a Senate hearing, Sally Yates said that Flynn was trying to neutralize sanctions against Russia.在参议院听证会上,萨利·耶茨说弗林试图消除对俄罗斯的制裁。《PBS英语讯息》
在哲学史上,也许再没有比柏拉图本人在另一篇对话《高尔吉亚篇》(438节以后)中对这一学说阐述得更好了。在该篇中,智者卡利克勒斯谴责道德是弱者的发明,是为了制衡强者的力量。