The Guardian view on Britain's wealth divide: a gap becomes a chasm
《卫报》对英国贫富分化的看法: 差距变成鸿沟
Looking at a range of indicators, researchers from the Resolution Foundation thinktank did the maths on how 16 months of lockdown had affected households' wealth. The stark conclusion was that the pandemic had "turbo-charged" the already yawning gap between the rich and the poor.
通过研究一系列指标,决议基金会智库的研究人员计算了 16 个月的封锁对家庭财富的影响。残酷结论是:疫情加剧了本已巨大的贫富差距。
加入会员可查看
In one sense this should come as no surprise. For decades, the unspoken rule of British politics has been that the asset-rich shall become richer. Adjusted for inflation, the value of household wealth has doubled since 1980, but revenue from taxes on wealth has remained more or less stagnant.
从某种意义上说,这并不奇怪。几十年来,英国政治的潜规则一直是:资产富裕者会变得更富有。自 1980 年以来,经通胀调整后,家庭财富价值已经翻了一番,但对财富征税的收入或多或少仍停滞不前。
加入会员可查看
Reforms to capital gains tax were contemplated in the spring by the chancellor, Rishi Sunak, and then speedily returned to the back burner. Tax reliefs on savings and investments have gone untouched.
财政大臣 Rishi Sunak 在今年春天曾经考虑过资本利得税的改革,但很快就被搁置了。对储蓄和投资的税收减免并未受到影响。
加入会员可查看
Polls have suggested robust public support for higher taxes on wealth. This is based on a justified sense that the gap between the rich and the poor has become too large and that the rich have become richer in recent years.
民意调查显示,公众强烈支持对财富增税。这是基于一种合理的认知,即贫富差距已经变得过大,且近年来富人越来越富。
加入会员可查看
There is also a broad consensus that the times demand a greater level of government spending for the common good. When it comes to addressing the real terms decline in nurses' pay, dealing with the huge crisis in educational attainment, or addressing growing child poverty, the government routinely points to budget constraints.
还有一个广泛的共识是,时代的发展要求政府为公共利益增加更多的支出。当涉及到解决护士工资实际下降的问题、处理教育程度的巨大危机、或解决日益增长的儿童贫困问题时,政府通常会指向预算有限。
加入会员可查看
After 40 years of gains at the top, the case for reforming Britain's wealth-related taxes was strong before the pandemic. Given the huge challenges that an even more unequal post-pandemic Britain will face, it is now surely unarguable.
疫情之前,富人的收入经历了 40 年的增长,改革英国财富相关税收的理由早已充分。考虑到疫情后更不平等的英国将面临的巨大挑战,这一点现在肯定是毋庸置疑的。
加入会员可查看
主编:Maisie
品控:Maisie
审核:Raven
重点词汇
divide
/dəˈvaɪd/
n. 分歧,隔阂
英文释义:a difference or separation
搭配短语:a political divide
搭配短语:the divide between the rich and poor
chasm
/ˈkæzəm/
n. 显著差别,巨大分歧
英文释义:a very large difference
thinktank
/ˈθɪŋkˌtæŋk/
n. 智库,智囊团
相关词汇:think(v. 思考)
相关词汇:tank(n. 容器)
lockdown
/ˈlɑkdaʊn/
n. 封锁,隔离
相关词汇:lock(n. 门锁)
相关词汇:down(adv. 向下)
stark
/stɑrk/
adj. 残酷的,严峻的
搭配短语:the stark realities
pandemic
/pænˈdɛmɪk/
n. 大流行病
turbo-charge
/ˈtərboʊˌtʃɑrdʒ/
v. 快速增加,增强
相关词汇:turbocharger(n. 涡轮增压器,空气压缩机)
yawning
/ˈyɔnɪŋ/
adj.(差异或数量)巨大的,难以缩减的
相关词汇:yawn(v. 打哈欠;张开)
搭配短语:a yawning hole(一个裂开大口的洞)
come as no surprise
不足为奇,意料之中
例句:His reply came as a complete surprise to me. (他的回答让我大吃一惊)
inflation
/ɪnˈfleɪʃn/
n. 通货膨胀;(气球)充气
stagnant
/ˈstæɡnənt/
adj. 停滞不前的;死气沉沉的
搭配短语:a stagnant economy(经济低迷)
相关词汇:stagnation(n. 停滞状态)
reform
/rɪˈfɔrm/
n. 改革
词根词缀:re-(重新)
相关词汇:form(v. 形成)
contemplate
/ˈkɑntəmˌpleɪt/
v. 深思熟虑,沉思
英文释义:to think about something seriously for a period of time
chancellor
/ˈtʃænslər//ˈtʃænsələr/
n. (政府)大臣;总理;校长
back burner
不太重要的位置,次要地位
相关词汇:burn(v. 燃烧)
相关词汇:burner(n. 火炉)
搭配短语:put sth. on the back burner(把某事往后搁置)
例句:I had to put my plan on the back burner.
tax relief
税收减免
poll
/poʊl/
n. 民意调查;选举投票
搭配短语:to go on the poll(参加投票)
搭配短语:opinion poll(民意调查)
搭配短语:to carry out / conduct a poll(做一项民意调查)
robust
/roʊˈbʌst//ˈroʊbʌst/
adj. (态度)坚定的;(人)强壮的;(东西)结实的;
搭配短语:take a robust view of sth.(对某事看法很坚定)
consensus
/kənˈsɛnsəs/
n. 共识
词根词缀:con-(一起)
相关词汇:sense(n. 感觉)
搭配短语:reach a consensus on sth.(达成共识)
搭配短语:there is a broad consensus that(达成广泛的共识)
例句:There is a broad consensus that the government should do more to protect the environment.(人们普遍认为政府应该采取更多措施保护环境)
common good
共同利益,公共利益
相关词汇:common(adj. 共同的)
相关词汇:good(adj. 好的)
when it comes to
谈及……;涉及……
例句:When it comes to global warming, many people think of carbon dioxide.(一说到全球变暖,很多人会想到二氧化碳)
educational attainment
学历
相关词汇:attainment(n. 成就)
constraint
/kənˈstreɪnt/
n. 限制,制约因素
相关词汇:constrain(v. 限制)
case
/keɪs/
n. 论据,理由
近义词:argument
搭配短语:a convincing case(令人信服的论据)
搭配短语:a powerful case(充分的理由)
unarguable
/ʌnˈɑrɡyuəbl/
adj. 无可争议的,毋庸置疑的
词根词缀:un-(表否定)
相关词汇:arguable(adj. 可争辩的)
加